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The scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) for retrieval-based tasks, particularly in Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), faces significant memory constraints, especially when fine-tuning extensive prompt sequences. Current open-source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Anique Tahir , Lu Cheng , Huan Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated superior listwise ranking performance. However, their superior performance often relies on large-scale parameters (\eg, GPT-4) and a repetitive sliding window process, which introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Wenhan Liu , Xinyu Ma , Yutao Zhu , Lixin Su , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Zhicheng Dou

Large Language Models (LLMs), with their increasing depth and number of parameters, have demonstrated outstanding performance across a variety of natural language processing tasks. However, this growth in scale leads to increased…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Hossein Rajabzadeh , Aref Jafari , Aman Sharma , Benyamin Jami , Hyock Ju Kwon , Ali Ghodsi , Boxing Chen , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh

Large language models (LLMs) with different architectures and sizes have been developed. Serving each LLM with dedicated GPUs leads to resource waste and service inefficiency due to the varying demand of LLM requests. A common practice is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yihao Zhao , Jiadun Chen , Peng Sun , Lei Li , Xuanzhe Liu , Xin Jin

The computational expense of redundant vision tokens in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) has led many existing methods to compress them via a vision projector. However, this compression may lose visual information that is crucial for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ze Feng , Jiang-jiang Liu , Sen Yang , Lingyu Xiao , Zhibin Quan , Zhenhua Feng , Wankou Yang , Jingdong Wang

Modern codebases make it hard for developers and AI coding assistants to find the right source files when answering questions like "How does this feature work?" or "Where was the bug introduced?" Traditional code search (keyword or IR…

The increasing computational and memory demands of large language models (LLMs) necessitate innovative approaches to optimize resource usage without compromising performance. This paper leverages microscaling floating-point formats, a novel…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Marco Cococcioni , Dario Pagani , Federico Rossi

This paper proposes TRAININGCXL that can efficiently process large-scale recommendation datasets in the pool of disaggregated memory while making training fault tolerant with low overhead. To this end, i) we integrate persistent memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Miryeong Kwon , Junhyeok Jang , Hanjin Choi , Sangwon Lee , Myoungsoo Jung

In recent years, protein-text models have gained significant attention for their potential in protein generation and understanding. Current approaches focus on integrating protein-related knowledge into large language models through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Juntong Wu , Zijing Liu , He Cao , Hao Li , Bin Feng , Zishan Shu , Ke Yu , Li Yuan , Yu Li

Ensemble learning of LLMs has emerged as a promising alternative to enhance performance, but existing approaches typically treat models as black boxes, combining the inputs or final outputs while overlooking the rich internal…

Serverless Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a cost-effective solution for deploying AI services by enabling a 'pay-as-you-go' pricing model through GPU resource sharing. However, cold-start latency, especially the model loading…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wenbin Zhu , Zhaoyan Shen , Zili Shao , Hongjun Dai , Feng Chen

Large Language Model (LLM) inference becomes resource-intensive, prompting a shift toward low-bit model weights to reduce the memory footprint and improve efficiency. Such low-bit LLMs necessitate the mixed-precision matrix multiplication…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zhiwen Mo , Lei Wang , Jianyu Wei , Zhichen Zeng , Shijie Cao , Lingxiao Ma , Naifeng Jing , Ting Cao , Jilong Xue , Fan Yang , Mao Yang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in applications forming multi-request workflows like document summarization, search-based copilots, and multi-agent programming. While these workflows unlock richer functionality, they also…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Md. Monzurul Amin Ifath , Israat Haque

Federated fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is obstructed by a trilemma of challenges: protecting LLMs intellectual property (IP), ensuring client privacy, and mitigating performance loss on heterogeneous data. Existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Several methods exist today to accelerate Machine Learning(ML) or Deep-Learning(DL) model performance for training and inference. However, modern techniques that rely on various graph and operator parallelism methodologies rely on search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Srinjoy Das , Lawrence Rauchwerger

Document chunking is a critical preprocessing step in dense retrieval systems, yet the design space of chunking strategies remains poorly understood. Recent research has proposed several concurrent approaches, including LLM-guided methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yongjie Zhou , Shuai Wang , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Efficiently training LLMs with long sequences is important yet challenged by the massive computation and memory requirements. Sequence parallelism has been proposed to tackle these problems, but existing methods suffer from scalability or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Diandian Gu , Peng Sun , Qinghao Hu , Ting Huang , Xun Chen , Yingtong Xiong , Guoteng Wang , Qiaoling Chen , Shangchun Zhao , Jiarui Fang , Yonggang Wen , Tianwei Zhang , Xin Jin , Xuanzhe Liu

Modern online large language model (LLM) services, such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and agent systems, increasingly expose two prominent characteristics: prompt segmentation (e.g., system instructions, retrieved passages, tool…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xingyu Qu , Tianhao Lin , Yiqi Li , Zhiyu Chen , Sheng Wang

As modern microservice systems grow increasingly popular and complex-often consisting of hundreds or even thousands of fine-grained, interdependent components-they are becoming more susceptible to frequent and subtle failures. Ensuring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Lingzhe Zhang , Yunpeng Zhai , Tong Jia , Chiming Duan , Siyu Yu , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Zhonghai Wu , Ying Li

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various application domains, but their enormous sizes and computational demands pose significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. To…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Kai Zhang , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief