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Bayesian neural networks often approximate the weight-posterior with a Gaussian distribution. However, practical posteriors are often, even locally, highly non-Gaussian, and empirical performance deteriorates. We propose a simple parametric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-13 Federico Bergamin , Pablo Moreno-Muñoz , Søren Hauberg , Georgios Arvanitidis

The Bayesian paradigm has the potential to solve core issues of deep neural networks such as poor calibration and data inefficiency. Alas, scaling Bayesian inference to large weight spaces often requires restrictive approximations. In this…

Bayesian Neural Networks provide a principled framework for uncertainty quantification by modeling the posterior distribution of network parameters. However, exact posterior inference is computationally intractable, and widely used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Alfredo Reichlin , Miguel Vasco , Danica Kragic

To address the scalability limitations of Gaussian process (GP) regression, several approximation techniques have been proposed. One such method is based on tensor networks, which utilizes an exponential number of basis functions without…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-03 Albert Saiapin , Kim Batselier

Laplace approximation (LA) and its linearized variant (LLA) enable effortless adaptation of pretrained deep neural networks to Bayesian neural networks. The generalized Gauss-Newton (GGN) approximation is typically introduced to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Zhijie Deng , Feng Zhou , Jun Zhu

Laplace approximations are popular techniques for endowing deep networks with epistemic uncertainty estimates as they can be applied without altering the predictions of the trained network, and they scale to large models and datasets. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Tristan Cinquin , Marvin Pförtner , Vincent Fortuin , Philipp Hennig , Robert Bamler

Uncertainty estimation is essential for robust decision-making in the presence of ambiguous or out-of-distribution inputs. Gaussian Processes (GPs) are classical kernel-based models that offer principled uncertainty quantification and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-30 Albert Saiapin , Kim Batselier

Deep neural networks (DNNs) often produce overconfident out-of-distribution predictions, motivating Bayesian uncertainty quantification. The Linearized Laplace Approximation (LLA) achieves this by linearizing the DNN and applying Laplace…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-04 Pedro Jiménez , Luis A. Ortega , Pablo Morales-Álvarez , Daniel Hernández-Lobato

Current approximate posteriors in Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) exhibit a crucial limitation: they fail to maintain invariance under reparameterization, i.e. BNNs assign different posterior densities to different parametrizations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Hrittik Roy , Marco Miani , Carl Henrik Ek , Philipp Hennig , Marvin Pförtner , Lukas Tatzel , Søren Hauberg

In recent years, inconsistency in Bayesian deep learning has attracted significant attention. Tempered or generalized posterior distributions are frequently employed as direct and effective solutions. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yinsong Chen , Samson S. Yu , Zhong Li , Chee Peng Lim

Various computational challenges arise when applying Bayesian inference approaches to complex hierarchical models. Sampling-based inference methods, such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo strategies, are renowned for providing accurate results…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-29 Cristian Chiuchiolo , Janet van Niekerk , Håvard Rue

The linearized-Laplace approximation (LLA) has been shown to be effective and efficient in constructing Bayesian neural networks. It is theoretically compelling since it can be seen as a Gaussian process posterior with the mean function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Agustinus Kristiadi , Alexander Immer , Runa Eschenhagen , Vincent Fortuin

Although the Laplace approximation offers a simple route to uncertainty quantification in deep neural networks, its reliance on inverting large Hessian matrices has motivated a range of computationally feasible low-dimensional or sparse…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Swarnali Raha , Kshitij Khare , Rohit K Patra

Large neural networks trained on large datasets have become the dominant paradigm in machine learning. These systems rely on maximum likelihood point estimates of their parameters, precluding them from expressing model uncertainty. This may…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-01 Javier Antoran

Laplace's method approximates a target density with a Gaussian distribution at its mode. It is computationally efficient and asymptotically exact for Bayesian inference due to the Bernstein-von Mises theorem, but for complex targets and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Hanlin Yu , Marcelo Hartmann , Bernardo Williams , Mark Girolami , Arto Klami

The Laplace approximation is a popular method for constructing a Gaussian approximation to the Bayesian posterior and thereby approximating the posterior mean and variance. But approximation quality is a concern. One might consider using…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Mikołaj J. Kasprzak , Ryan Giordano , Tamara Broderick

Laplace approximations are a standard tool for computationally efficient inference in latent Gaussian models, but they fail for quantile regression with the asymmetric Laplace likelihood because the observed Hessian vanishes almost…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-21 Andrea Nava , Fabio Sigrist

In Bayesian inference, a widespread technique to compute integrals against a high-dimensional posterior is to use a Gaussian proxy to the posterior known as the Laplace approximation. We address the question of accuracy of the approximation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Anya Katsevich

The key operation in Bayesian inference, is to compute high-dimensional integrals. An old approximate technique is the Laplace method or approximation, which dates back to Pierre- Simon Laplace (1774). This simple idea approximates the…

Statistical applications often involve the calculation of intractable multidimensional integrals. The Laplace formula is widely used to approximate such integrals. However, in high-dimensional or small sample size problems, the shape of the…

Computation · Statistics 2016-12-30 Erlis Ruli , Nicola Sartori , Laura Ventura
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