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Ensuring the safety and robustness of autonomous driving systems necessitates a comprehensive evaluation in safety-critical scenarios. However, these safety-critical scenarios are rare and difficult to collect from real-world driving data,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Mingxing Peng , Yuting Xie , Xusen Guo , Ruoyu Yao , Hai Yang , Jun Ma

We introduce a novel framework for metric depth estimation that enhances pretrained diffusion-based monocular depth estimation (DB-MDE) models with stereo vision guidance. While existing DB-MDE methods excel at predicting relative depth,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Tuan Pham , Thanh-Tung Le , Xiaohui Xie , Stephan Mandt

Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE) is a pivotal component of vision-based Autonomous Driving (AD) systems, enabling vehicles to estimate the depth of surrounding objects using a single camera image. This estimation guides essential driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Ce Zhou , Qiben Yan , Daniel Kent , Guangjing Wang , Weikang Ding , Ziqi Zhang , Hayder Radha

Recent studies reveal that deep neural network (DNN) based object detectors are vulnerable to adversarial attacks in the form of adding the perturbation to the images, leading to the wrong output of object detectors. Most current existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Jialiang Sun , Tingsong Jiang , Wen Yao , Donghua Wang , Xiaoqian Chen

Deep neural networks can be exploited using natural adversarial samples, which do not impact human perception. Current approaches often rely on deep neural networks' white-box nature to generate these adversarial samples or synthetically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Shashank Kotyan , Po-Yuan Mao , Pin-Yu Chen , Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas

We propose a novel framework, Stable Diffusion-based Momentum Integrated Adversarial Examples (SD-MIAE), for generating adversarial examples that can effectively mislead neural network classifiers while maintaining visual imperceptibility…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Nashrah Haque , Xiang Li , Zhehui Chen , Yanzhao Wu , Lei Yu , Arun Iyengar , Wenqi Wei

Most state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) classification systems are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. As a consequence, adversarial robustness poses a significant challenge for the deployment of ML-based systems in safety- and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Felix Assion , Peter Schlicht , Florens Greßner , Wiebke Günther , Fabian Hüger , Nico Schmidt , Umair Rasheed

Understanding adversarial examples is crucial for improving model robustness, as they introduce imperceptible perturbations to deceive models. Effective adversarial examples, therefore, offer the potential to train more robust models by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Xinheng Xie , Yue Wu , Cuiyu He

Adversarial attacks against monocular depth estimation (MDE) systems pose significant challenges, particularly in safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving. Existing patch-based adversarial attacks for MDE are confined to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Chenxing Zhao , Yang Li , Shihao Wu , Wenyi Tan , Shuangju Zhou , Quan Pan

Autonomous vehicles depend on online HD map construction to perceive lane boundaries, dividers, and pedestrian crossings -- safety-critical road elements that directly govern motion planning. While existing pixel perturbation attacks can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Chenyi Wang , Ruoyu Song , Raymond Muller , Jean-Philippe Monteuuis , Jonathan Petit , Z. Berkay Celik , Ryan Gerdes , Ming F. Li

This paper presents GenDet, a novel framework that redefines object detection as an image generation task. In contrast to traditional approaches, GenDet adopts a pioneering approach by leveraging generative modeling: it conditions on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Chen Min , Chengyang Li , Fanjie Kong , Qi Zhu , Dawei Zhao , Liang Xiao

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable image generation capabilities, but also pose risks in privacy and fairness by memorizing sensitive concepts or perpetuating biases. We propose a novel \textbf{concept erasure} method for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Zixuan Fu , Yan Ren , Finn Carter , Chenyue Wang , Ze Niu , Dacheng Yu , Emily Davis , Bo Zhang

Modern diffusion-based image generative models have made significant progress and become promising to enrich training data for the object detection task. However, the generation quality and the controllability for complex scenes containing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Jingyuan Zhu , Shiyu Li , Yuxuan Liu , Ping Huang , Jiulong Shan , Huimin Ma , Jian Yuan

Training agents that are robust to environmental changes remains a significant challenge in deep reinforcement learning (RL). Unsupervised environment design (UED) has recently emerged to address this issue by generating a set of training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Hojun Chung , Junseo Lee , Minsoo Kim , Dohyeong Kim , Songhwai Oh

Safety-critical scenarios are infrequent in natural driving environments but hold significant importance for the training and testing of autonomous driving systems. The prevailing approach involves generating safety-critical scenarios…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Yuting Xie , Xianda Guo , Cong Wang , Kunhua Liu , Long Chen

We propose a novel PDE-driven corruption process for generative image synthesis based on advection-diffusion processes which generalizes existing PDE-based approaches. Our forward pass formulates image corruption via a physically motivated…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Grzegorz Gruszczynski , Jakub Meixner , Michal Jan Wlodarczyk , Przemyslaw Musialski

We introduce a new attack paradigm that embeds hidden adversarial capabilities directly into diffusion models via fine-tuning, without altering their observable behavior or requiring modifications during inference. Unlike prior approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Lucas Beerens , Desmond J. Higham

The generation of safety-critical scenarios in simulation has become increasingly crucial for safety evaluation in autonomous vehicles prior to road deployment in society. However, current approaches largely rely on predefined threat…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jiangfan Liu , Yongkang Guo , Fangzhi Zhong , Tianyuan Zhang , Zonglei Jing , Siyuan Liang , Jiakai Wang , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Generating adversarial scenarios, which have the potential to fail autonomous driving systems, provides an effective way to improve robustness. Extending purely data-driven generative models, recent specialized models satisfy additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Wenhao Ding , Haohong Lin , Bo Li , Ding Zhao

The discovery of inorganic crystal structures with targeted properties is a significant challenge in materials science. Generative models, especially state-of-the-art diffusion models, offer the promise of modeling complex data…