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In the real-world setting, data often follows a long-tailed distribution, where head classes contain significantly more training samples than tail classes. Consequently, models trained on such data tend to be biased toward head classes. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Fan Zhang , Wei Qin , Weijieying Ren , Lei Wang , Zetong Chen , Richang Hong

Gamma-Phi losses constitute a family of multiclass classification loss functions that generalize the logistic and other common losses, and have found application in the boosting literature. We establish the first general sufficient…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-13 Yutong Wang , Clayton D. Scott

Class imbalance remains a significant challenge in machine learning, particularly for tabular data classification tasks. While Gradient Boosting Decision Trees (GBDT) models have proven highly effective for such tasks, their performance can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Jiaqi Luo , Yuan Yuan , Shixin Xu

We present a detailed study of surrogate losses and algorithms for multi-label learning, supported by $H$-consistency bounds. We first show that, for the simplest form of multi-label loss (the popular Hamming loss), the well-known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Anqi Mao , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

Gait recognition is a unique biometric technique that can be performed at a long distance non-cooperatively and has broad applications in public safety and intelligent traffic systems. Previous gait works focus more on minimizing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Weichen Yu , Hongyuan Yu , Yan Huang , Liang Wang

Minimizing expected loss measured by a proper scoring rule, such as Brier score or log-loss (cross-entropy), is a common objective while training a probabilistic classifier. If the data have experienced dataset shift where the class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Theodore James Thibault Heiser , Mari-Liis Allikivi , Meelis Kull

Linear attention methods offer a compelling alternative to softmax attention due to their efficiency in recurrent decoding. Recent research has focused on enhancing standard linear attention by incorporating gating while retaining its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yingcong Li , Davoud Ataee Tarzanagh , Ankit Singh Rawat , Maryam Fazel , Samet Oymak

Federated learning (FL) triggers intra-client and inter-client class imbalance, with the latter compared to the former leading to biased client updates and thus deteriorating the distributed models. Such a bias is exacerbated during the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chenguang Xiao , Zheming Zuo , Shuo Wang

Class-level evaluation can conceal substantial performance disparities across subconcepts within the same class, causing models that perform well on average to fail on specific subpopulations. Prior work has shown that common evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Taylor Maxson , Roberto Corizzo , Yaning Wu , Nathalie Japkowicz , Colin Bellinger

Class imbalance remains a major challenge in machine learning, especially in multi-class problems with long-tailed distributions. Existing methods, such as data resampling, cost-sensitive techniques, and logistic loss modifications, though…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Corinna Cortes , Anqi Mao , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

When dealing with imbalanced classification data, reweighting the loss function is a standard procedure allowing to equilibrate between the true positive and true negative rates within the risk measure. Despite significant theoretical work…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-17 Anass Aghbalou , François Portier , Anne Sabourin

The real-world data distribution is essentially long-tailed, which poses great challenge to the deep model. In this work, we propose a new method, Gradual Balanced Loss and Adaptive Feature Generator (GLAG) to alleviate imbalance. GLAG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Zihan Zhang , Xiang Xiang

We present a comprehensive study of surrogate loss functions for learning to defer. We introduce a broad family of surrogate losses, parameterized by a non-increasing function $\Psi$, and establish their realizable $H$-consistency under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Anqi Mao , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

Although many real-world applications, such as disease prediction, and fault detection suffer from class imbalance, most existing graph-based classification methods ignore the skewness of the distribution of classes; therefore, tend to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Mahdi Mohammadizadeh , Arash Mozhdehi , Yani Ioannou , Xin Wang

Class-imbalanced node classification tasks are prevalent in real-world scenarios. Due to the uneven distribution of nodes across different classes, learning high-quality node representations remains a challenging endeavor. The engineering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xinyu Guo , Kai Wu , Xiaoyu Zhang , Jing Liu

Regression is a fundamental task in machine learning that has garnered extensive attention over the past decades. The conventional approach for regression involves employing loss functions that primarily concentrate on aligning model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Dixian Zhu , Tianbao Yang , Livnat Jerby

Adversarial robustness is an increasingly critical property of classifiers in applications. The design of robust algorithms relies on surrogate losses since the optimization of the adversarial loss with most hypothesis sets is NP-hard. But…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Pranjal Awasthi , Natalie Frank , Anqi Mao , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

As a crucial step toward real-world learning scenarios with changing environments, dataset shift theory and invariant representation learning algorithm have been extensively studied to relax the identical distribution assumption in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 You-Wei Luo , Chuan-Xian Ren

A fundamental requirement for intelligent systems is the ability to learn continuously under changing environments. However, models trained in this regime often suffer from catastrophic forgetting. Leveraging pre-trained models has recently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Tung Tran , Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas , Khoat Than

In this paper we refine the process of computing calibration functions for a number of multiclass classification surrogate losses. Calibration functions are a powerful tool for easily converting bounds for the surrogate risk (which can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-22 Bernardo Ávila Pires , Csaba Szepesvári
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