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Agentic search -- the task of training agents that iteratively reason, issue queries, and synthesize retrieved information to answer complex questions -- has achieved remarkable progress through reinforcement learning (RL). However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Hansi Zeng , Liam Collins , Bhuvesh Kumar , Neil Shah , Hamed Zamani

Learning in environments with large state and action spaces, and sparse rewards, can hinder a Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent's learning through trial-and-error. For instance, following natural language instructions on the Web (such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Izzeddin Gur , Ulrich Rueckert , Aleksandra Faust , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have the potential to enhance human capabilities, assisting with digital tasks from sending emails to performing data analysis. The abilities of existing LLMs at such tasks are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Hongjin Su , Ruoxi Sun , Jinsung Yoon , Pengcheng Yin , Tao Yu , Sercan Ö. Arık

We develop a reinforcement learning based search assistant which can assist users through a set of actions and sequence of interactions to enable them realize their intent. Our approach caters to subjective search where the user is seeking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Milan Aggarwal , Aarushi Arora , Shagun Sodhani , Balaji Krishnamurthy

Deep search agents, which autonomously iterate through multi-turn web-based reasoning, represent a promising paradigm for complex information-seeking tasks. However, current agents suffer from critical inefficiency: they conduct excessive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Wenlin Zhang , Kuicai Dong , Junyi Li , Yingyi Zhang , Xiaopeng Li , Pengyue Jia , Yi Wen , Derong Xu , Maolin Wang , Yichao Wang , Yong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao

AI agents today are mostly siloed - they either retrieve and reason over vast amount of digital information and knowledge obtained online; or interact with the physical world through embodied perception, planning and action - but rarely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yining Hong , Rui Sun , Bingxuan Li , Xingcheng Yao , Maxine Wu , Alexander Chien , Da Yin , Ying Nian Wu , Zhecan James Wang , Kai-Wei Chang

Deep research systems are widely used for multi-step web research, analysis, and cross-source synthesis, yet their evaluation remains challenging. Existing benchmarks often require annotation-intensive task construction, rely on static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Yibo Wang , Lei Wang , Yue Deng , Keming Wu , Yao Xiao , Huanjin Yao , Liwei Kang , Hai Ye , Yongcheng Jing , Lidong Bing

The rapid development of AI agent systems is leading to an emerging Internet of Agents, where specialized agents operate across local devices, edge nodes, private services, and cloud platforms. Although recent efforts have improved agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yujun Cheng , Enfang Cui , Hao Qin , Zhiyuan Liang , Qi Xu

Conversational information seeking (CIS) is playing an increasingly important role in connecting people to information. Due to the lack of suitable resource, previous studies on CIS are limited to the study of theoretical/conceptual…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Pengjie Ren , Zhongkun Liu , Xiaomeng Song , Hongtao Tian , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Maarten de Rijke

Web agents require both high-level reasoning (for task decomposition) and low-level interactions (for page elements manipulation) to conduct different tasks. However, these knowledge types differ fundamentally: reasoning knowledge (e.g.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xirui Liu , Sihang Zhou , Yanning Hou , Rong Zhou , Haoyuan Chen , Maolin He , Siwei Wang , Hao Chen , Jian Huang

Users issue queries to Search Engines, and try to find the desired information in the results produced. They repeat this process if their information need is not met at the first place. It is crucial to identify the important words in a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Kishaloy Halder , Heng-Tze Cheng , Ellie Ka In Chio , Georgios Roumpos , Tao Wu , Ritesh Agarwal

Information retrieval (IR) systems have traditionally been designed and trained for human users, with learning-to-rank methods relying heavily on large-scale human interaction logs such as clicks and dwell time. With the rapid emergence of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yuqi Zhou , Sunhao Dai , Changle Qu , Liang Pang , Jun Xu , Ji-Rong Wen

A recent "third wave" of Neural Network (NN) approaches now delivers state-of-the-art performance in many machine learning tasks, spanning speech recognition, computer vision, and natural language processing. Because these modern NNs often…

Search and recommendation are the two most common approaches used by people to obtain information. They share the same goal -- satisfying the user's information need at the right time. There are already a lot of Internet platforms and Apps…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Jing Yao , Zhicheng Dou , Ruobing Xie , Yanxiong Lu , Zhiping Wang , Ji-Rong Wen

Modern web agents possess computer use abilities that allow them to interact with webpages by sending commands to a virtual keyboard and mouse. While such agents have considerable potential to assist human users with complex tasks,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Yixiao Song , Katherine Thai , Chau Minh Pham , Yapei Chang , Mazin Nadaf , Mohit Iyyer

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at many reasoning tasks but struggle with knowledge-intensive queries due to their inability to dynamically access up-to-date or domain-specific information. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Minghao Guo , Qingcheng Zeng , Xujiang Zhao , Yanchi Liu , Wenchao Yu , Mengnan Du , Haifeng Chen , Wei Cheng

Modeling visual search not only offers an opportunity to predict the usability of an interface before actually testing it on real users, but also advances scientific understanding about human behavior. In this work, we first conduct a set…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Arianna Yuan , Yang Li

Large language model agents are becoming increasingly capable at web-centric tasks such as information retrieval, complex reasoning. These emerging capabilities have given rise to surge research interests in developing LLM agent for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yu Li , Lehui Li , Lin Chen , Qingmin Liao , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

The increasing complexity and scale of modern telecommunications networks demand intelligent automation to enhance efficiency, adaptability, and resilience. Agentic AI has emerged as a key paradigm for intelligent communications and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ruichen Zhang , Shunpu Tang , Yinqiu Liu , Dusit Niyato , Zehui Xiong , Sumei Sun , Shiwen Mao , Zhu Han

Recent advances in Neural Architecture Search (NAS) have produced state-of-the-art architectures on several tasks. NAS shifts the efforts of human experts from developing novel architectures directly to designing architecture search spaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Zalán Borsos , Andrey Khorlin , Andrea Gesmundo
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