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Recovering causal relationships from data is an important problem. Using observational data, one can typically only recover causal graphs up to a Markov equivalence class and additional assumptions or interventional data are needed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Davin Choo , Kirankumar Shiragur

Inferring the structure of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from data is a central challenge in causal discovery, particularly in modern high-dimensional settings where large-scale interventional data are increasingly available. While…

A fundamental challenge in the empirical sciences involves uncovering causal structure through observation and experimentation. Causal discovery entails linking the conditional independence (CI) invariances in observational data to their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-04 Zihan Zhou , Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Murat Kocaoglu

Causal discovery is a fundamental problem with applications spanning various areas in science and engineering. It is well understood that solely using observational data, one can only orient the causal graph up to its Markov equivalence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zihan Zhou , Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Murat Kocaoglu

Causal discovery across multiple datasets is often constrained by data privacy regulations and cross-site heterogeneity, limiting the use of conventional methods that require a single, centralized dataset. To address these challenges, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Maximilian Hahn , Alina Zajak , Dominik Heider , Adèle Helena Ribeiro

Learning a causal directed acyclic graph from data is a challenging task that involves solving a combinatorial problem for which the solution is not always identifiable. A new line of work reformulates this problem as a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Philippe Brouillard , Sébastien Lachapelle , Alexandre Lacoste , Simon Lacoste-Julien , Alexandre Drouin

We consider the problem of learning causal networks with interventions, when each intervention is limited in size under Pearl's Structural Equation Model with independent errors (SEM-IE). The objective is to minimize the number of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Murat Kocaoglu , Alexandros G. Dimakis , Sriram Vishwanath

Conventional causal discovery methods rely on centralized data, which is inconsistent with the decentralized nature of data in many real-world situations. This discrepancy has motivated the development of federated causal discovery (FCD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Loka Li , Ignavier Ng , Gongxu Luo , Biwei Huang , Guangyi Chen , Tongliang Liu , Bin Gu , Kun Zhang

Learning causal relationships between variables is a fundamental task in causal inference and directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are a popular choice to represent the causal relationships. As one can recover a causal graph only up to its Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Davin Choo , Kirankumar Shiragur

We consider the problem of estimating a particular type of linear non-Gaussian model. Without resorting to the overcomplete Independent Component Analysis (ICA), we show that under some mild assumptions, the model is uniquely identified by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Wei Chen , Kun Zhang , Ruichu Cai , Biwei Huang , Joseph Ramsey , Zhifeng Hao , Clark Glymour

A common theme in causal inference is learning causal relationships between observed variables, also known as causal discovery. This is usually a daunting task, given the large number of candidate causal graphs and the combinatorial nature…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-11 Romain Lopez , Jan-Christian Hütter , Jonathan K. Pritchard , Aviv Regev

We establish conditions under which latent causal graphs are nonparametrically identifiable and can be reconstructed from unknown interventions in the latent space. Our primary focus is the identification of the latent structure in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-06 Yibo Jiang , Bryon Aragam

We consider the problem of estimating causal DAG models from a mix of observational and interventional data, when the intervention targets are partially or completely unknown. This problem is highly relevant for example in genomics, since…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-23 Chandler Squires , Yuhao Wang , Caroline Uhler

Federated learning is a distributed learning technique that allows training a global model with the participation of different data owners without the need to share raw data. This architecture is orchestrated by a central server that…

Using both observational and experimental data, a causal discovery process can identify the causal relationships between variables. A unique adaptive intervention design paradigm is presented in this work, where causal directed acyclic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Abdelmonem Elrefaey , Rong Pan

Assessing the magnitude of cause-and-effect relations is one of the central challenges found throughout the empirical sciences. The problem of identification of causal effects is concerned with determining whether a causal effect can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Amin Jaber , Jiji Zhang , Elias Bareinboim

The investigation of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) encoding the same Markov property, that is the same conditional independence relations of multivariate observational distributions, has a long tradition; many algorithms exist for model…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-09-27 Alain Hauser , Peter Bühlmann

Causal-discovery algorithms return a directed graph, yet provide no principled means of distinguishing edge directions identified by the data from those assigned without an identifying assumption. Under the standard Markov and faithfulness…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 Eichi Uehara

Cross-border insider threats pose a critical challenge to government financial schemes, particularly when dealing with distributed, privacy-sensitive data across multiple jurisdictions. Existing approaches face fundamental limitations: they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Srikumar Nayak , James Walmesley

We consider recovering a causal graph in presence of latent variables, where we seek to minimize the cost of interventions used in the recovery process. We consider two intervention cost models: (1) a linear cost model where the cost of an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Raghavendra Addanki , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Andrew McGregor , Cameron Musco