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Development of new materials in hard drive designs requires characterization of nanoscale materials through grain segmentation. The high-throughput quickly changing research environment makes zero-shot generalization an incredibly desirable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Kai Nichols , Matthew Hauwiller , Nicholas Propes , Shaowei Wu , Stephanie Hernandez , Mike Kautzky

Segmentation uncertainty models predict a distribution over plausible segmentations for a given input, which they learn from the annotator variation in the training set. However, in practice these annotations can differ systematically in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Kilian Zepf , Eike Petersen , Jes Frellsen , Aasa Feragen

The opaque nature of transformer-based models, particularly in applications susceptible to unethical practices such as dark-patterns in user interfaces, requires models that integrate uncertainty quantification to enhance trust in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Javier Muñoz , Álvaro Huertas-García , Carlos Martí-González , Enrique De Miguel Ambite

In medical image segmentation, uncertainty estimates are often reported but rarely used to guide decisions. We study the missing step: how uncertainty maps are converted into actionable policies such as accepting, flagging, or deferring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Saket Maganti

In this paper, we address the challenge of image resolution variation for the Segment Anything Model (SAM). SAM, known for its zero-shot generalizability, exhibits a performance degradation when faced with datasets with varying image sizes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Yiran Song , Qianyu Zhou , Xiangtai Li , Deng-Ping Fan , Xuequan Lu , Lizhuang Ma

Uncertainty Sampling is an Active Learning strategy that aims to improve the data efficiency of machine learning models by iteratively acquiring labels of data points with the highest uncertainty. While it has proven effective for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Dominik Fuchsgruber , Tom Wollschläger , Bertrand Charpentier , Antonio Oroz , Stephan Günnemann

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has drawn significant attention from researchers who work on medical image segmentation because of its generalizability. However, researchers have found that SAM may have limited performance on medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Yihao Liu , Jiaming Zhang , Andres Diaz-Pinto , Haowei Li , Alejandro Martin-Gomez , Amir Kheradmand , Mehran Armand

The segment anything model (SAM) was released as a foundation model for image segmentation. The promptable segmentation model was trained by over 1 billion masks on 11M licensed and privacy-respecting images. The model supports zero-shot…

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has achieved remarkable successes in the realm of natural image segmentation, but its deployment in the medical imaging sphere has encountered challenges. Specifically, the model struggles with medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Shreyank N Gowda , David A. Clifton

Automated segmentation is a fundamental medical image analysis task, which enjoys significant advances due to the advent of deep learning. While foundation models have been useful in natural language processing and some vision tasks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Hanxue Gu , Haoyu Dong , Jichen Yang , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Curating annotations for medical image segmentation is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task that requires domain expertise, resulting in "narrowly" focused deep learning (DL) models with limited translational utility. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Pranav Kulkarni , Adway Kanhere , Dharmam Savani , Andrew Chan , Devina Chatterjee , Paul H. Yi , Vishwa S. Parekh

The advent of foundation models signals a new era in artificial intelligence. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is the first foundation model for image segmentation. In this study, we evaluate SAM's ability to segment features from eye…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Virmarie Maquiling , Sean Anthony Byrne , Diederick C. Niehorster , Marcus Nyström , Enkelejda Kasneci

Foundation models like the Segment Anything Model (SAM) show strong generalization, yet adapting them to medical images remains difficult due to domain shift, scarce labels, and the inability of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Vi Vu , Thanh-Huy Nguyen , Tien-Thinh Nguyen , Ba-Thinh Lam , Hoang-Thien Nguyen , Tianyang Wang , Xingjian Li , Min Xu

Automated nodule segmentation is essential for computer-assisted diagnosis in ultrasound images. Nevertheless, most existing methods depend on precise pixel-level annotations by medical professionals, a process that is both costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Xingyue Zhao , Peiqi Li , Xiangde Luo , Meng Yang , Shi Chang , Zhongyu Li

Semantic segmentation requires dense pixel-level annotations, which are costly and time-consuming to acquire. To address this, we present SeSAM, a framework that uses a foundational segmentation model, i.e. Segment Anything Model (SAM),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Anurag Das , Anna Kukleva , Xinting Hu , Yuki M. Asano , Bernt Schiele

Uncertainty quantification is essential for the reliable deployment of machine learning models to high-stakes application domains. Uncertainty quantification is all the more challenging when training distribution and test distribution are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Yaodong Yu , Stephen Bates , Yi Ma , Michael I. Jordan

Segment anything model (SAM) has presented impressive objectness identification capability with the idea of prompt learning and a new collected large-scale dataset. Given a prompt (e.g., points, bounding boxes, or masks) and an input image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Yihao Huang , Yue Cao , Tianlin Li , Felix Juefei-Xu , Di Lin , Ivor W. Tsang , Yang Liu , Qing Guo

Deep neural networks have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness across a wide range of tasks such as semantic segmentation. Nevertheless, these networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that add imperceptible perturbations to the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Kira Maag , Roman Resner , Asja Fischer

The emerging scale segmentation model, Segment Anything (SAM), exhibits impressive capabilities in zero-shot segmentation for natural images. However, when applied to medical images, SAM suffers from noticeable performance drop. To make SAM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Xinrong Hu , Xiaowei Xu , Yiyu Shi

Segment Anything Model (SAM) has revolutionized the way of segmentation. However, SAM's performance may decline when applied to tasks involving domains that differ from natural images. Nonetheless, by employing fine-tuning techniques, SAM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Lin Wang , Xiufen Ye , Liqiang Zhu , Weijie Wu , Jianguo Zhang , Huiming Xing , Chao Hu
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