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Chai empowers users to create and interact with customized chatbots, offering unique and engaging experiences. Despite the exciting prospects, the work recognizes the inherent challenges of a commitment to modern safety standards.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xiaoding Lu , Aleksey Korshuk , Zongyi Liu , William Beauchamp

Embodied Artificial Intelligence (Embodied AI) integrates perception, cognition, planning, and interaction into agents that operate in open-world, safety-critical environments. As these systems gain autonomy and enter domains such as…

As generative large model capabilities advance, safety concerns become more pronounced in their outputs. To ensure the sustainable growth of the AI ecosystem, it's imperative to undertake a holistic evaluation and refinement of associated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Jiawen Deng , Jiale Cheng , Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Minlie Huang

The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has raised major privacy and ethical concerns. However, existing AI incident taxonomies and guidelines lack grounding in real-world cases, limiting their effectiveness for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Hilda Hadan , Reza Hadi Mogavi , Leah Zhang-Kennedy , Lennart E. Nacke

Large language model-based agents are rapidly evolving from simple conversational assistants into autonomous systems capable of performing complex, professional-level tasks in various domains. While these advancements promise significant…

As AI code assistants become increasingly integrated into software development workflows, understanding how their code compares to human-written programs is critical for ensuring reliability, maintainability, and security. In this paper, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Domenico Cotroneo , Cristina Improta , Pietro Liguori

AI-based systems are software systems with functionalities enabled by at least one AI component (e.g., for image- and speech-recognition, and autonomous driving). AI-based systems are becoming pervasive in society due to advances in AI.…

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems proliferate, the need for systematic, transparent, and actionable processes for evaluating them is growing. While many resources exist to support AI evaluation, they have several limitations. Few…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rachel M. Kim , Blaine Kuehnert , Alice Lai , Kenneth Holstein , Hoda Heidari , Rayid Ghani

AI systems can fail to learn important behaviors, leading to real-world issues like safety concerns and biases. Discovering these systematic failures often requires significant developer attention, from hypothesizing potential edge cases to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Ángel Alexander Cabrera , Abraham J. Druck , Jason I. Hong , Adam Perer

Frontier AI developers are increasingly deploying highly capable models internally to automate AI R&D, but these deployments currently face limited external oversight. It is essential, therefore, that developers provide evidence that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jacob Charnock , Raja Mehta Moreno , Justin Miller , William L. Anderson

Hidden license conflicts in the open-source AI ecosystem pose serious legal and ethical risks, exposing organizations to potential litigation and users to undisclosed risk. However, the field lacks a data-driven understanding of how…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-15 James Jewitt , Hao Li , Bram Adams , Gopi Krishnan Rajbahadur , Ahmed E. Hassan

While artificial intelligence (AI) is advancing rapidly and mastering increasingly complex problems with astonishing performance, the safety assurance of such systems is a major concern. Particularly in the context of safety-critical,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Lars Ullrich , Walter Zimmer , Ross Greer , Knut Graichen , Alois C. Knoll , Mohan Trivedi

Recent years have experienced growing contributions of AI coding agents that assist human developers in various software engineering tasks. However, this growing AI-assisted autonomy raises questions about security and trust. In this paper,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Md Fazle Rabbi , Asif K. Turzo , Arifa I. Champa , Minhaz F. Zibran

As AI systems gain increasing autonomy and execution capability, the number of discovered security vulnerabilities continues to rise. However, many of these vulnerabilities are not fundamentally novel, but instead reflect recurring classes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kevin Eykholt , Dhilung Kirat , Xiaokui Shu , Jiyong Jang , Frederico Araujo , Ian Molloy

Computer security has been a concern for decades and artificial intelligence techniques have been applied to the area for nearly as long. Most of the techniques are being applied to the detection of attacks to running systems, but recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Steve Kommrusch

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have spurred the development of diverse AI applications from code generation and video editing to text generation; however, AI supply chains such as Hugging Face, which host pretrained…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Ziqi Ding , Qian Fu , Junchen Ding , Gelei Deng , Yi Liu , Yuekang Li

The security guarantee of AI-enabled software systems (particularly using deep learning techniques as a functional core) is pivotal against the adversarial attacks exploiting software vulnerabilities. However, little attention has been paid…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Zhongzheng Lai , Huaming Chen , Ruoxi Sun , Yu Zhang , Minhui Xue , Dong Yuan

Model documentation plays a crucial role in promoting transparency and responsible development of AI systems. With the rise of Generative AI (GenAI), open-source platforms have increasingly become hubs for hosting and distributing these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Ningjing Tang , Megan Li , Amy Winecoff , Michael Madaio , Hoda Heidari , Hong Shen

Large Language Model (LLMs) such as ChatGPT that exhibit generative AI capabilities are facing accelerated adoption and innovation. The increased presence of Generative AI (GAI) inevitably raises concerns about the risks and safety…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Jaymari Chua , Yun Li , Shiyi Yang , Chen Wang , Lina Yao

We present a comprehensive AI risk taxonomy derived from eight government policies from the European Union, United States, and China and 16 company policies worldwide, making a significant step towards establishing a unified language for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yi Zeng , Kevin Klyman , Andy Zhou , Yu Yang , Minzhou Pan , Ruoxi Jia , Dawn Song , Percy Liang , Bo Li