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Large Language Models (LLMs) face a crucial challenge from fixed context windows and inadequate memory management, leading to a severe shortage of long-term memory capabilities and limited personalization in the interactive experience with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jiazheng Kang , Mingming Ji , Zhe Zhao , Ting Bai

Agentic memory systems enable large language model (LLM) agents to maintain state across long interactions, supporting long-horizon reasoning and personalization beyond fixed context windows. Despite rapid architectural development, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Dongming Jiang , Yi Li , Songtao Wei , Jinxin Yang , Ayushi Kishore , Alysa Zhao , Dingyi Kang , Xu Hu , Feng Chen , Qiannan Li , Bingzhe Li

The maturation of cognition, from introspection to understanding others, has long been a hallmark of human development. This position paper posits that for AI systems to truly emulate or approach human-like interactions, especially within…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Jasmine A. Berry

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has catalyzed a transformative shift in artificial intelligence, paving the way for advanced intelligent agents capable of sophisticated reasoning, robust perception, and versatile action across…

Brain science and artificial intelligence have made great progress toward the understanding and engineering of the human mind. The progress has accelerated significantly since the turn of the century thanks to new methods for probing the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-29 Yoonsuck Choe

The rise of AI-native Low-Code/No-Code (LCNC) platforms enables autonomous agents capable of executing complex, long-duration business processes. However, a fundamental challenge remains: memory management. As agents operate over extended…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jiexi Xu

While large language model (LLM) agents can effectively use external tools for complex real-world tasks, they require memory systems to leverage historical experiences. Current memory systems enable basic storage and retrieval but lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Wujiang Xu , Zujie Liang , Kai Mei , Hang Gao , Juntao Tan , Yongfeng Zhang

This paper reviews the architecture and implementation methods of agents powered by large language models (LLMs). Motivated by the limitations of traditional LLMs in real-world tasks, the research aims to explore patterns to develop…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Victor de Lamo Castrillo , Habtom Kahsay Gidey , Alexander Lenz , Alois Knoll

Modern LLM-based agents and chat assistants rely on long-term memory frameworks to store reusable knowledge, recall user preferences, and augment reasoning. As researchers create more complex memory architectures, it becomes increasingly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Alina Shutova , Alexandra Olenina , Ivan Vinogradov , Anton Sinitsin

As LLM agents evolve into collaborative multi-agent systems, their memory requirements grow rapidly in complexity. This position paper frames multi-agent memory as a computer architecture problem. We distinguish shared and distributed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Zhongming Yu , Naicheng Yu , Hejia Zhang , Wentao Ni , Mingrui Yin , Jiaying Yang , Yujie Zhao , Jishen Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) face inherent limitations in memory, including restricted context windows, long-term knowledge forgetting, redundant information accumulation, and hallucination generation. These issues severely constrain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Deliang Wen , Ke Sun

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled the development of AI agents that exhibit increasingly human-like behaviors, including planning, adaptation, and social dynamics across diverse, interactive, and open-ended…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-13 Lin Chen , Yunke Zhang , Jie Feng , Haoye Chai , Honglin Zhang , Bingbing Fan , Yibo Ma , Shiyuan Zhang , Nian Li , Tianhui Liu , Nicholas Sukiennik , Keyu Zhao , Yu Li , Ziyi Liu , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

As data continues to grow in scale and complexity, preparing, transforming, and analyzing it remains labor-intensive, repetitive, and difficult to scale. Since data contains knowledge and AI learns knowledge from it, the alignment between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yanjie Fu , Dongjie Wang , Wangyang Ying , Xinyuan Wang , Xiangliang Zhang , Huan Liu , Jian Pei

Memory is fundamental to intelligence, enabling learning, reasoning, and adaptability across biological and artificial systems. While Transformer architectures excel at sequence modeling, they face critical limitations in long-range context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Parsa Omidi , Xingshuai Huang , Axel Laborieux , Bahareh Nikpour , Tianyu Shi , Armaghan Eshaghi

The rapid deployment of autonomous AI agents across enterprise, healthcare, and safety-critical environments has created a fundamental governance gap. Existing approaches, runtime guardrails, training-time alignment, and post-hoc auditing…

Neuroscience data are highly fragmented across labs, formats, and experimental paradigms, and reuse often requires substantial manual effort. A persistent roadblock to data reuse and integration is the need to decipher bespoke and diverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ling-Qi Zhang , Kristin Branson

The concept of the 'agent' has profoundly shaped Artificial Intelligence (AI) research, guiding development from foundational theories to contemporary applications like Large Language Model (LLM)-based systems. This paper critically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jesse Gardner , Vladimir A. Baulin

Long-running AI agents need persistent memory. Memory supports learning across sessions, reduces repeated context injection, and enables auditing of past decisions. Current agent memory systems and database paradigms treat memory as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Abdelghny Orogat , Essam Mansour

Research on large language model (LLM) security is shifting from "will the model leak training data" to a more consequential question: can an agent with persistent, long-term memory be continuously shaped, cross-session poisoned, accessed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zehao Lin , Chunyu Li , Kai Chen

Autonomous agent frameworks still struggle to reconcile long-term experiential learning with real-time, context-sensitive decision-making. In practice, this gap appears as static cognition, rigid workflow dependence, and inefficient context…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiaoxing Wang , Ning Liao , Shikun Wei , Chen Tang , Feiyu Xiong