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A quantum state is nonclassical if its Glauber-Sudarshan P function fails to be interpreted as a probability density. This quantity is often highly singular, so that its reconstruction is a demanding task. Here we present the experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-28 T. Kiesel , W. Vogel , V. Parigi , A. Zavatta , M. Bellini

While negativity in phase space is a well-known signature of nonclassicality, a wide variety of nonclassical states require their characterization beyond negativity. We establish a framework of nonclassicality in phase space that addresses…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-30 Jiyong Park , Jaehak Lee , Hyunchul Nha

In spite of its fundamental importance in quantum science and technology, the experimental certification of nonclassicality is still a challenging task, especially in realistic scenarios where losses and noise imbue the system. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-29 Nicola Biagi , Martin Bohmann , Elizabeth Agudelo , Marco Bellini , Alessandro Zavatta

Nonclassicality filters provide a universal method to visualize the nonclassicality of arbitrary quantum states of light through negativities of a regularized Glauber-Sudarshan $P$ function, also denoted as nonclassicality quasiprobability.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-06 B. Kühn , W. Vogel

A state of a quantum systems can be regarded as {\it classical} ({\it quantum}) with respect to measurements of a set of canonical observables iff there exists (does not exist) a well defined, positive phase space distribution, the so…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Korbicz , J. I. Cirac , J. Wehr , M. Lewenstein

We experimentally examine the nonclassical character of a class of non-Gaussian states known as phase-diffused squeezed states. These states may show no squeezing effect at all, and therefore provide an interesting example to test…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 T. Kiesel , W. Vogel , B. Hage , J. DiGuglielmo , A. Samblowski , R. Schnabel

The phase-space quasi-probability distribution formalism for representing quantum states provides practical tools for various applications in quantum optics such as identifying the nonclassicality of quantum states. We study filter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Mani Zartab , Ezad Shojaee , Saleh Rahimi-Keshari

Continuous variable entanglement is a manifestation of nonclassicality of quantum states. In this paper we attempt to analyze whether and under which conditions nonclassicality can be used as an entanglement criterion. We adopt the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-05-15 Petr Marek , M. S. Kim , Jinhyoung Lee

The nonclassicality of quantum states is a fundamental resource for quantum technologies and quantum information tasks in general. In particular, a pivotal aspect of quantum states lies in their coherence properties, encoded in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-08 Luca Innocenti , Lukas Lachman , Radim Filip

For one-dimensional continuous-variable quantum systems such as single-mode quantum optical systems, we give a quantification of the quantumness of such a system's state, {\rho}, by introducing the measure of quantumness, {\Xi}, which works…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Ole Steuernagel , Hsien-Yi Hsieh , Yi-Ru Chen , Ray-Kuang Lee

Measures of quantum properties are essential to understanding the fundamental differences between quantum and classical systems as well as quantifying resources for quantum technologies. Here two broad classes of bosonic phase-space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-11 Benjamin Kühn , Werner Vogel , Valérian Thiel , Sofiane Merkouche , Brian J. Smith

There is a common understanding in quantum optics that nonclassical states of light are states that do not have a positive semidefinite and sufficiently regular Glauber-Sudarshan $P$ function. Almost all known nonclassical states have $P$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-24 François Damanet , Jonas Kübler , John Martin , Daniel Braun

A standard method to obtain information on a quantum state is to measure marginal distributions along many different axes in phase space, which forms a basis of quantum state tomography. We theoretically propose and experimentally…

We implement the direct sampling of negative phase-space functions via unbalanced homodyne measurement using click-counting detectors. The negativities significantly certify nonclassical light in the high-loss regime using a small number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 M. Bohmann , J. Tiedau , T. Bartley , J. Sperling , C. Silberhorn , W. Vogel

Genuinely quantum states of a harmonic oscillator may be distinguished from their classical counterparts by the Glauber-Sudarshan P-representation -- a state lacking a positive P-function is said to be nonclassical. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-11 Benjamin Yadin , Felix C. Binder , Jayne Thompson , Varun Narasimhachar , Mile Gu , M. S. Kim

Noisy teleportation of nonclassical quantum states via a two-mode squeezed-vacuum state is studied with the completely positive map and the Glauber-Sudarshan $P$-function. Using the nonclassical depth as a measure of transmission…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Masahiro Takeoka , Masashi Ban , Masahide Sasaki

The rapid advancement of quantum hardware necessitates the development of reliable methods to certify its correct functioning. However, existing certification tests fall short, as they either suffer from systematic errors or do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-13 Jan Nöller , Nikolai Miklin , Martin Kliesch , Mariami Gachechiladze

Can one certify the preparation of a coherent, many-body quantum state by measurements with bounded accuracy in the presence of noise and decoherence? Here, we introduce a criterion to assess the fragility of large-scale quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-15 Florian Fröwis , Maarten van den Nest , Wolfgang Dür

We derive a family of inequalities involving different phase-space distributions of a quantum state which have to be fulfilled by any classical state. The violation of these inequalities is a clear signature of nonclassicality. Our approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-03 Martin Bohmann , Elizabeth Agudelo

States with a negative Wigner function, a significant subclass of nonclassical states, serve as a valuable resource for various quantum information processing tasks. Here, we provide a criterion for detecting such quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Bivas Mallick , Sudip Chakrabarty , Saheli Mukherjee , Ananda G. Maity , A. S. Majumdar
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