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Progressively applying Gaussian noise transforms complex data distributions to approximately Gaussian. Reversing this dynamic defines a generative model. When the forward noising process is given by a Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-06 Valentin De Bortoli , James Thornton , Jeremy Heng , Arnaud Doucet

Score Distillation Sampling (SDS) has been pivotal for leveraging pre-trained diffusion models in downstream tasks such as inverse problems, but it faces two major challenges: $(i)$ mode collapse and $(ii)$ latent space inversion, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Nicolas Zilberstein , Morteza Mardani , Santiago Segarra

Denoising diffusion models have driven significant progress in the field of Bayesian inverse problems. Recent approaches use pre-trained diffusion models as priors to solve a wide range of such problems, only leveraging inference-time…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-06 Yazid Janati , Badr Moufad , Mehdi Abou El Qassime , Alain Durmus , Eric Moulines , Jimmy Olsson

Network-based Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) underpin critical infrastructure and autonomous systems, yet typically rely on centralized processing hubs that limit scalability, resilience, and latency. Here we report a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-24 Xue Xian Zheng , Xing Liu , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Score-based generative models have demonstrated significant practical success in data-generating tasks. The models establish a diffusion process that perturbs the ground truth data to Gaussian noise and then learn the reverse process to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ziqing Wen , Xiaoge Deng , Ping Luo , Tao Sun , Dongsheng Li

Recently it has been shown that using diffusion models for inverse problems can lead to remarkable results. However, these approaches require a closed-form expression of the degradation model and can not support complex degradations. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Di You , Andreas Floros , Pier Luigi Dragotti

Diffusion models deliver high quality in image synthesis but remain expensive during training and inference. Recent works have leveraged the inherent redundancy in visual content to make training more affordable by training only on a subset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Felix Krause , Stefan Andreas Baumann , Johannes Schusterbauer , Olga Grebenkova , Ming Gui , Vincent Tao Hu , Björn Ommer

We consider the general problem of recovering a high-dimensional signal from noisy quantized measurements. Quantization, especially coarse quantization such as 1-bit sign measurements, leads to severe information loss and thus a good prior…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-21 Xiangming Meng , Yoshiyuki Kabashima

Ill-posed imaging inverse problems remain challenging due to the ambiguity in mapping degraded observations to clean images. Diffusion-based generative priors have recently shown promise, but typically rely on computationally intensive…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-13 Ayush Varshney , Katherine L. Bouman , Berthy T. Feng

High-fidelity spectrum cartography is pivotal for spectrum management and wireless situational awareness, yet it remains a challenging ill-posed inverse problem due to the sparsity and irregularity of observations. Furthermore, existing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yuntong Gu , Xiangming meng , Zhiyuan Lin , Sheng Wu , Linling Kuang

While super-resolution (SR) methods based on diffusion models exhibit promising results, their practical application is hindered by the substantial number of required inference steps. Recent methods utilize degraded images in the initial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Yufei Wang , Wenhan Yang , Xinyuan Chen , Yaohui Wang , Lanqing Guo , Lap-Pui Chau , Ziwei Liu , Yu Qiao , Alex C. Kot , Bihan Wen

This paper proposes a novel diffusion-based posterior sampling method within a plug-and-play (PnP) framework. Our approach constructs a probability transport from an easy-to-sample terminal distribution to the target posterior, using a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-10 Jinyuan Chang , Chenguang Duan , Yuling Jiao , Ruoxuan Li , Jerry Zhijian Yang , Cheng Yuan

Deep learning algorithms that rely on extensive training data are revolutionizing image recovery from ill-posed measurements. Training data is scarce in many imaging applications, including ultra-high-resolution imaging. The deep image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Maneesh John , Hemant Kumar Aggarwal , Qing Zou , Mathews Jacob

Recent advancements in diffusion models have been leveraged to address inverse problems without additional training, and Diffusion Posterior Sampling (DPS) (Chung et al., 2022a) is among the most popular approaches. Previous analyses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tongda Xu , Xiyan Cai , Xinjie Zhang , Xingtong Ge , Dailan He , Ming Sun , Jingjing Liu , Ya-Qin Zhang , Jian Li , Yan Wang

Recently, many self-supervised learning methods for image reconstruction have been proposed that can learn from noisy data alone, bypassing the need for ground-truth references. Most existing methods cluster around two classes: i) Stein's…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-12 Julián Tachella , Mike Davies , Laurent Jacques

Diffusion probabilistic models have demonstrated an outstanding capability to model natural images and raw audio waveforms through a paired diffusion and reverse processes. The unique property of the reverse process (namely, eliminating…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Yen-Ju Lu , Yu Tsao , Shinji Watanabe

Diffusion models have been used in cosmological applications as a generative model for fast simulations and to reconstruct underlying cosmological fields or astrophysical images from noisy data. These two tasks are often treated as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-07 Supranta S. Boruah , Michael Jacob , Bhuvnesh Jain

Diffusion models excel at capturing the natural design spaces of images, molecules, DNA, RNA, and protein sequences. However, rather than merely generating designs that are natural, we often aim to optimize downstream reward functions while…

The efficient Test-Time Scaling (TTS) paradigm offers a promising perspective for enhancing the generation performance of diffusion models. However, current solutions are limited to a static, pre-defined noise pool and suffer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Gang Dai , Yining Huang , Yiming Xia , Guohao Chen , Shuaicheng Niu

The rapid advancement of generative image models has transformed digital media to the point where AI generated images can no longer be reliably distinguished from authentic photographs by human observers or many conventional detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Mohd Ruhul Ameen , Akif Islam