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In order to navigate safely and reliably in off-road and unstructured environments, robots must detect anomalies that are out-of-distribution (OOD) with respect to the training data. We present an analysis-by-synthesis approach for…

Anomaly detection in visual data refers to the problem of differentiating abnormal appearances from normal cases. Supervised approaches have been successfully applied to different domains, but require an abundance of labeled data. Due to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-29 Dejan Stepec , Danijel Skocaj

Anomaly detection is a practical and challenging task due to the scarcity of anomaly samples in industrial inspection. Some existing anomaly detection methods address this issue by synthesizing anomalies with noise or external data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Guan Gui , Bin-Bin Gao , Jun Liu , Chengjie Wang , Yunsheng Wu

Anomaly localization in images -- identifying regions that deviate from normal patterns -- is vital in applications such as medical diagnosis and industrial inspection. A recent trend is the use of image generation models in anomaly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-28 Teruyuki Katsuoka , Tomohiro Shiraishi , Daiki Miwa , Vo Nguyen Le Duy , Ichiro Takeuchi

Anomaly detection plays a pivotal role in manufacturing quality control, yet its application is constrained by limited abnormal samples and high manual annotation costs. While anomaly synthesis offers a promising solution, existing studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Qunyi Zhang , Songan Zhang , Jiaqi Liu , Jinbao Wang , Xiaoning Lei , Guoyang Xie , Guannan Jiang , Zhichao Lu

The detection and the quantification of anomalies in image data are critical tasks in industrial scenes such as detecting micro scratches on product. In recent years, due to the difficulty of defining anomalies and the limit of correcting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Masanari Kimura , Takashi Yanagihara

Training supervised deep neural networks that perform defect detection and segmentation requires large-scale fully-annotated datasets, which can be hard or even impossible to obtain in industrial environments. Generative AI offers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Gabriele Valvano , Antonino Agostino , Giovanni De Magistris , Antonino Graziano , Giacomo Veneri

Deep vision models are now mature enough to be integrated in industrial and possibly critical applications such as autonomous navigation. Yet, data collection and labeling to train such models requires too much efforts and costs for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Estelle Chigot , Dennis G. Wilson , Meriem Ghrib , Fabrice Jimenez , Thomas Oberlin

Recent advances in diffusion models have enabled the creation of deceptively real images, posing significant security risks when misused. In this study, we empirically show that different timesteps of DDIM inversion reveal varying subtle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yixin Wu , Feiran Zhang , Tianyuan Shi , Ruicheng Yin , Zhenghua Wang , Zhenliang Gan , Xiaohua Wang , Changze Lv , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Effectively addressing the challenge of industrial Anomaly Detection (AD) necessitates an ample supply of defective samples, a constraint often hindered by their scarcity in industrial contexts. This paper introduces a novel algorithm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Hanxi Li , Zhengxun Zhang , Hao Chen , Lin Wu , Bo Li , Deyin Liu , Mingwen Wang

New advancements for the detection of synthetic images are critical for fighting disinformation, as the capabilities of generative AI models continuously evolve and can lead to hyper-realistic synthetic imagery at unprecedented scale and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Pantelis Dogoulis , Giorgos Kordopatis-Zilos , Ioannis Kompatsiaris , Symeon Papadopoulos

Anomaly detection (AD) plays a pivotal role across diverse domains, including cybersecurity, finance, healthcare, and industrial manufacturing, by identifying unexpected patterns that deviate from established norms in real-world data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yang Liu , Jing Liu , Chengfang Li , Rui Xi , Wenchao Li , Liang Cao , Jin Wang , Laurence T. Yang , Junsong Yuan , Wei Zhou

Self-supervised feature reconstruction methods have shown promising advances in industrial image anomaly detection and localization. Despite this progress, these methods still face challenges in synthesizing realistic and diverse anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Ximiao Zhang , Min Xu , Xiuzhuang Zhou

We present a novel method for image anomaly detection, where algorithms that use samples drawn from some distribution of "normal" data, aim to detect out-of-distribution (abnormal) samples. Our approach includes a combination of encoder and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Nina Tuluptceva , Bart Bakker , Irina Fedulova , Anton Konushin

Synthetic image data generation represents a promising avenue for training deep learning models, particularly in the realm of transfer learning, where obtaining real images within a specific domain can be prohibitively expensive due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yuhang Li , Xin Dong , Chen Chen , Jingtao Li , Yuxin Wen , Michael Spranger , Lingjuan Lyu

Synthesizing anomaly samples has proven to be an effective strategy for self-supervised 2D industrial anomaly detection. However, this approach has been rarely explored in multi-modality anomaly detection, particularly involving 3D and RGB…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Kecen Li , Bingquan Dai , Jingjing Fu , Xinwen Hou

The goal of anomaly detection is to identify anomalous samples from normal ones. In this paper, a small number of anomalies are assumed to be available at the training stage, but they are assumed to be collected only from several anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Bowen Tian , Qinliang Su , Jian Yin

Anomaly detection is a fundamental task in machine learning and data mining, with significant applications in cybersecurity, industrial fault diagnosis, and clinical disease monitoring. Traditional methods, such as statistical modeling and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Yi Chen

In this study, a new Anomaly Detection (AD) approach for industrial and medical images is proposed. This method leverages the theoretical strengths of unsupervised learning and the data availability of both normal and abnormal classes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Arnaud Bougaham , Valentin Delchevalerie , Mohammed El Adoui , Benoît Frénay

Oversight in medical images is a crucial problem, and timely reporting of medical images is desired. Therefore, an all-purpose anomaly detection method that can detect virtually all types of lesions/diseases in a given image is strongly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-21 H. Shibata , S. Hanaoka , Y. Nomura , T. Nakao , I. Sato , D. Sato , N. Hayashi , O. Abe
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