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Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIM) represents an advanced signal processing paradigm that enables over-the-air processing of electromagnetic waves at the speed of light. Its multi-layer structure exhibits customizable increased…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Hao Liu , Jiancheng An , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , George C. Alexandropoulos , Lu Gan

This paper proposes a transmit beamforming strategy for the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems enabled by the novel stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM) architecture, where the base station (BS) simultaneously performs…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-17 Shunyu Li , Fan Zhang , Tianqi Mao , Rui Na , Zhaocheng Wang , George K. Karagiannidis

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) represent a breakthrough in wireless hardware by comprising multilayer, programmable metasurfaces capable of analog computing in the electromagnetic (EM) wave domain. By examining their architectural…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Hetong Wang , Yashuai Cao , Tiejun Lv

Fluid reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (FRIS) enable joint position and phase reconfigurability by integrating fluid antennas (FA) with conventional reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). In this paper, we propose a novel FRIS-based…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Peng Zhang , Jian Dang , Miaowen Wen , Ziyang Liu , Kai-Kit Wong , Chen Zhao , Huaifeng Shi , Zaichen Zhang

The fluid antenna concept represents shape-flexible and position-flexible antenna technologies designed to enhance wireless communication applications. In this paper, we apply this concept to reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs),…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Abdelhamid Salem , Kai-Kit Wong , George Alexandropoulos , Chan-Byoung Chae , Ross Murch

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems rely on digital or hybrid digital and analog designs for beamforming against frequency-selective fading, which suffer from high hardware…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Zheao Li , Jiancheng An , Chau Yuen

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication is being considered as an enabling technology for sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. The key idea of RIS-assisted communication is to enhance the capacity, coverage,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Mithun Mukherjee , Vikas Kumar , Mian Guo , Daniel Benevides da Costa , Ertugrul Basar , Zhiguo Ding

Semantic communication (SemCom) leveraging advanced deep learning (DL) technologies enhances the efficiency and reliability of information transmission. Emerging stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM) with an electromagnetic neural network…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Guojun Huang , Jiancheng An , Zhaohui Yang , Lu Gan , Mehdi Bennis , Mérouane Debbah

Intelligent reconfigurable surface (IRS) is being seen as a promising technology for 6G wireless networks. The IRS can reconfigure the wireless propagation environment, which results in significant performance improvement of wireless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Dharmendra Dixit , Kishor Chandra Joshi , Sanjeev Sharma

The integration of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) into future wireless communication systems offers promising capabilities in dynamic environment shaping and spectrum efficiency. In this work, we present a consistent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Ivan Iudice , Giacinto Gelli , Donatella Darsena

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have been proposed as a revolutionary technology with the potential to address several critical requirements of 6G communication systems. Despite its powerful ability for radio environment…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Yun Yang , Zhiping Lu , Ming Li , Rang Liu , Qian Liu

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) and movable antenna (MA)/fluid antenna (FA) techniques have both received increasing attention in the realm of wireless communications due to their ability to reconfigure and improve wireless channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Xin Wei , Weidong Mei , Qingqing Wu , Boyu Ning , Zhi Chen

This paper introduces a unified analytical and optimization framework for fluid antenna system-active reconfigurable intelligent surface (FAS-ARIS) communications in 6G. By combining the port reconfigurability of FAS with the signal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-23 Hong-Bae Jeon , Kai-Kit Wong , Chan-Byoung Chae

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) have recently emerged as a promising solution for sixth-generation (6G) ultra-dense connectivity. These systems utilize dynamic radiating and/or shaping techniques to mitigate interference and improve spectral…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-25 Baiyang Liu , Jiewei Huang , Tuo Wu , Huan Meng , Fengcheng Mei , Lei Ning , Kai-Kit Wong , Hang Wong , Kin-Fai Tong , Kwai-Man Luk

This paper investigates wireless systems aided by dual-polarized intelligent surfaces. We compare reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), which adjust their reflection matrices, with movable signals operating with fixed intelligent…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Matteo Nerini , Bruno Clerckx

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) as an effective technique for intelligently manipulating channel paths through reflection to serve desired users. Full-duplex (FD) systems, enabling simultaneous transmission and reception from a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Li-Hsiang Shen , Chia-Jou Ku , Kai-Ten Feng

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising candidate technology for the upcoming Sixth Generation (6G) communication system for its ability to manipulate the wireless communication environment by controlling the coefficients of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Haochen Li , Zhiwen Pan , Bin Wang , Nan Liu , Xiaohu You

Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) has been recognized as a promising and powerful multiple access (MA) scheme, non-orthogonal transmission framework and interference management strategy for 6G. Inspired by the appealing spectral…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Tianyu Fang , Yijie Mao , Shanpu Shen , Zhencai Zhu , Bruno Clerckx

This work studies the net sum-rate performance of a distributed reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs)-assisted multi-user multiple-input-single-output (MISO) downlink communication system under imperfect instantaneous-channel state…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-10 Bayan Al-Nahhas , Qurrat-UI-Ain Nadeem , Aryan Kaushik , Anas Chaaban

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging meta-surface that can provide additional communications links through reflecting the signals, and has been recognized as a strong candidate of 6G mobile communications systems.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-02 Shun Zhang , Muye Li , Mengnan Jian , Yajun Zhao , Feifei Gao