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Fusing multi-modal data can improve the performance of deep learning models. However, missing modalities are common for medical data due to patients' specificity, which is detrimental to the performance of multi-modal models in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-28 Muyu Wang , Shiyu Fan , Yichen Li , Hui Chen

Multimodal learning, which integrates diverse data sources such as images, text, and structured data, has proven superior to unimodal counterparts in high-stakes decision-making. However, while performance gains remain the gold standard for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Kishore Sampath , Pratheesh , Ayaazuddin Mohammad , Resmi Ramachandranpillai

The inherent challenge of multimodal fusion is to precisely capture the cross-modal correlation and flexibly conduct cross-modal interaction. To fully release the value of each modality and mitigate the influence of low-quality multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Qingyang Zhang , Haitao Wu , Changqing Zhang , Qinghua Hu , Huazhu Fu , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Xi Peng

Multimodal learning integrates complementary information from diverse modalities to enhance the decision-making process. However, the potential of multimodal collaboration remains under-exploited due to disparities in data quality and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Chengxuan Qian , Kai Han , Jiaxin Liu , Zhenlong Yuan , Zhengzhong Zhu , Jingchao Wang , Chongwen Lyu , Jun Chen , Zhe Liu

This study proposes a novel perspective on multimodal deep learning for biomedical signal classification, systematically analyzing how complementary feature domains impact model performance. While fusing multiple domains often presumes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Timothy Oladunni , Alex Wong

With the development of web technology, multi-modal or multi-view data has surged as a major stream for big data, where each modal/view encodes individual property of data objects. Often, different modalities are complementary to each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Yang Wang

Combining complementary information from multiple modalities is intuitively appealing for improving the performance of learning-based approaches. However, it is challenging to fully leverage different modalities due to practical challenges…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-31 Kuan Liu , Yanen Li , Ning Xu , Prem Natarajan

Multimodal learning has become a pivotal approach in developing robust learning models with applications spanning multimedia, robotics, large language models, and healthcare. The efficiency of multimodal systems is a critical concern, given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zhe Gao , Jian Huang , Ting Li , Xueqin Wang

Deep Learning has implemented a wide range of applications and has become increasingly popular in recent years. The goal of multimodal deep learning is to create models that can process and link information using various modalities. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Jabeen Summaira , Xi Li , Amin Muhammad Shoib , Songyuan Li , Jabbar Abdul

Multimodal learning has increasingly become a focal point in research, primarily due to its ability to integrate complementary information from diverse modalities. Nevertheless, modality imbalance, stemming from factors such as insufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Rongrong Xie , Guido Sanguinetti

Multi-modal fusion is a fundamental task for the perception of an autonomous driving system, which has recently intrigued many researchers. However, achieving a rather good performance is not an easy task due to the noisy raw data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Keli Huang , Botian Shi , Xiang Li , Xin Li , Siyuan Huang , Yikang Li

Deep learning methods have revolutionized speech recognition, image recognition, and natural language processing since 2010. Each of these tasks involves a single modality in their input signals. However, many applications in the artificial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Chao Zhang , Zichao Yang , Xiaodong He , Li Deng

Many vision-related tasks benefit from reasoning over multiple modalities to leverage complementary views of data in an attempt to learn robust embedding spaces. Most deep learning-based methods rely on a late fusion technique whereby…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Austin Reiter , Menglin Jia , Pu Yang , Ser-Nam Lim

Multimodal learning has demonstrated remarkable performance improvements over unimodal architectures. However, multimodal learning methods often exhibit deteriorated performances if one or more modalities are missing. This may be attributed…

Different modalities hold considerable gaps in optimization trajectories, including speeds and paths, which lead to modality laziness and modality clash when jointly training multimodal models, resulting in insufficient and imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Xiaoyu Ma , Hao Chen , Yongjian Deng

Multimodal medical imaging plays a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis and research, as it combines information from various imaging modalities to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying pathology. Recently, deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Yihao Li , Mostafa El Habib Daho , Pierre-Henri Conze , Rachid Zeghlache , Hugo Le Boité , Ramin Tadayoni , Béatrice Cochener , Mathieu Lamard , Gwenolé Quellec

Multimodal foundation models that can holistically process text alongside images, video, audio, and other sensory modalities are increasingly used in a variety of real-world applications. However, it is challenging to characterize and study…

Multimodal fusion is crucial in joint decision-making systems for rendering holistic judgments. Since multimodal data changes in open environments, dynamic fusion has emerged and achieved remarkable progress in numerous applications.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Bing Cao , Yinan Xia , Yi Ding , Changqing Zhang , Qinghua Hu

During multimodal model training and testing, certain data modalities may be absent due to sensor limitations, cost constraints, privacy concerns, or data loss, negatively affecting performance. Multimodal learning techniques designed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Renjie Wu , Hu Wang , Hsiang-Ting Chen , Gustavo Carneiro

Multimodal clinical prediction faces three challenges: multiple foundation models (FMs) with complementary strengths per modality, pervasive missing modalities at training and test time, and sample-specific variation in modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Seungik Cho , Anqi Li , Wei Qiu