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Interferometry provides highly sensitive access to optical phase and is central to much of modern metrology and phase imaging methods. Conventional implementations, however, often face trade-offs between mechanical stability and…

The development of vector optical fields has brought forth numerous applications. Among these optical fields, a particular class of vector vortex beams has emerged, leading to the emergence of intriguing optical skyrmion fields…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-10 Liwen Wang , Sheng Liu , Geng Chen , Yongsheng Zhang , Chuanfeng Li , Guangcan Guo

Optical skyrmion beams, which encompass two-dimensional topology in their spatial structures, are promising for ultra-dense optical communications and advanced matter manipulation. Generating such light beams via a chip-based approach will…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-18 Wenbo Lin , Yasutomo Ota , Yasuhiko Arakawa , Satoshi Iwamoto

Tuneable retarder arrays, such as spatially patterned liquid crystal devices, have given rise to impressive photonic functionality, fuelling diverse applications ranging from microscopy and holography to encryption and communications.…

Topological quasiparticles of light, such as classical and quantum optical skyrmions, have so far relied on fully coherent or pure quantum states whose topology is encoded in the entanglement between polarization and two-dimensional spatial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Amit Kam , Charles Roques-Carmes , Shai Tsesses , Aviv Karnieli

This review charts the emerging paradigm of intelligent structured light for high-field laser-matter interactions, where the precise spatiotemporal and vectorial control of light is a critical degree of freedom. We outline a transformative…

Controlling complex light waves to achieve desired behaviours or characteristics on demand presents a significant challenge. This task becomes even more complicated when manipulating speckled light beams owing to their inherently fuzzy…

We propose a framework for designing coherent optical environments that enable versatile and dynamic optical manipulation. In contrast to conventional material-based near-field platforms, our approach employs a structured coherent light…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-07 Xiaoshu Zhao , Xu Yuan , Hongxia Zheng , Huajin Chen , Zhifang Lin

Transmitting structured light robustly through complex random media is crucial in many applications, from sensing to communication. Unfortunately, the spatial structure of light is distorted in such media due to refractive index…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-19 Cade Peters , Kelsey Everts , Tatjana Kleine , Pedro Ornelas , Andrew Forbes

The ability of structured light to mimic exotic topological skyrmion textures, encountered in high-energy physics, cosmology, magnetic materials, and superfluids has recently received considerable attention. Despite their promise as…

The control of structured waves has recently opened innovative scenarios in the perspective of radiation propagation and light-matter interaction. In particular, the transmission of customized electromagnetic fields is investigated for…

Optics · Physics 2021-02-26 Gianluca Ruffato , Vincenzo Grillo , Filippo Romanato

Optical trapping describes the interaction between light and matter to manipulate micro-objects through momentum transfer. In the case of 3D trapping with a single beam, this is termed optical tweezers. Optical tweezers are a powerful and…

Optical skyrmions are an emerging class of structured light with sophisticated particle-like topologies with great potential for revolutionizing modern informatics. However, the current generation of optical skyrmions involves complex or…

Structured light illumination is an active 3-D scanning technique based on projecting/capturing a set of striped patterns and measuring the warping of the patterns as they reflect off a target object's surface. As designed, each pixel in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-12 Yu Zhang , Daniel L. Lau , Ying Yu

A spatial light modulator (SLM) is one of the most useful and convenient device to generate structural light beams such as twisted light and complexed images used in modern optical science. The unbounded dimension of twisted light makes it…

Analogies between non-trivial topologies of matter and light have inspired numerous studies, including defect formation in structured light and topological photonic band-structures. Three-dimensional topological objects of localized…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2022-03-15 C. D. Parmee , M. R. Dennis , J. Ruostekoski

The multiple scattering of coherent light is a problem of both fundamental and applied importance. In optics, phase conjugation allows spatial focussing and imaging through a multiply scattering medium; however, temporal control is…

The skyrmion, which is characterised by a topological integer, is a structure that is topologically stable against local disturbances. The huge potential of skyrmions for use in magnetic storage systems has drawn considerable research…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-26 Jie Zhu , Sheng Liu , Yong-Sheng Zhang

Conventional stereoscopic displays suffer from vergence-accommodation conflict and cause visual fatigue. Integral-imaging-based displays resolve the problem by directly projecting the sub-aperture views of a light field into the eyes using…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-24 Chun-Hao Chao , Chang-Le Liu , Homer Chen

Structured light (SL) systems acquire high-fidelity 3D geometry with active illumination projection. Conventional systems exhibit challenges when working in environments with strong ambient illumination, global illumination and cross-device…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Zhanghao Sun , Yu Zhang , Yicheng Wu , Dong Huo , Yiming Qian , Jian Wang