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Representation and classification of Electroencephalography (EEG) brain signals are critical processes for their analysis in cognitive tasks. Particularly, extraction of discriminative features from raw EEG signals, without any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Emad-ul-Haq Qazi , Muhammad Hussain , Hatim Aboalsamh

Humans approximately spend a third of their life sleeping, which makes monitoring sleep an integral part of well-being. In this paper, a 34-layer deep residual ConvNet architecture for end-to-end sleep staging is proposed. The network takes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Ahmed Imtiaz Humayun , Asif Shahriyar Sushmit , Taufiq Hasan , Mohammed Imamul Hassan Bhuiyan

Over recent decades, neuroimaging tools, particularly electroencephalography (EEG), have revolutionized our understanding of the brain and its functions. EEG is extensively used in traditional brain-computer interface (BCI) systems due to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-12 Zaineb Ajra , Binbin Xu , Gérard Dray , Jacky Montmain , Stéphane Perrey

Recent advances in electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models, which capture transferable EEG representations, have greatly accelerated the development of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, existing approaches still struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Muyun Jiang , Shuailei Zhang , Zhenjie Yang , Mengjun Wu , Weibang Jiang , Zhiwei Guo , Wei Zhang , Rui Liu , Shangen Zhang , Yong Li , Yi Ding , Cuntai Guan

We propose a generative model for single-channel EEG that incorporates the constraints experts actively enforce during visual scoring. The framework takes the form of a dynamic Bayesian network with depth in both the latent variables and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Carlos A. Loza , Laura L. Colgin

Learning transferable representations for electroencephalography (EEG) remains challenging because EEG signals are inherently multi-channel and non-stationary. Channels observed at the same time provide coupled measurements of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Fan Ma , Qier An , Peng Chen , Lingfei Qian , Xiang Lan , Mingyang Jiang , Zhiling Gu , Xenophon Papademetris , Hua Xu

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals contain rich temporal-spectral structure but are difficult to model due to noise, subject variability, and multi-scale dynamics. Lightweight deep learning models have shown promise, yet many either rely…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Md Shahriar Sajid , Abhijit Kumar Ghosh , Fariha Nusrat

Classification of sleep stages is essential for assessing sleep quality and diagnosing sleep disorders. However, manual inspection of EEG characteristics for each stage is time-consuming and prone to human error. Although machine learning…

Accurate and continuous estimation of cognitive workload is fundamental to creating adaptive human-machine systems. However, designing architectures that balance representational capacity with computational efficiency has been challenging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Stefanos Gkikas , Christian Arzate Cruz , Thomas Kassiotis , Giorgos Giannakakis , Raul Fernandez Rojas , Randy Gomez

A limiting factor towards the wide routine use of wearables devices for continuous healthcare monitoring is their cumbersome and obtrusive nature. This is particularly true for electroencephalography (EEG) recordings, which require the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-20 Laura M. Ferrari , Guy Abi Hanna , Paolo Volpe , Esma Ismailova , François Bremond , Maria A. Zuluaga

As sleep disorders are becoming more prevalent there is an urgent need to classify sleep stages in a less disturbing way.In particular, sleep-stage classification using simple sensors, such as single-channel electroencephalography (EEG),…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-27 Iksoo Choi , Wonyong Sung

EEG-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have shown promise in various applications, such as motor imagery and cognitive state monitoring. However, decoding visual representations from EEG signals remains a significant challenge due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Tariq Mehmood , Hamza Ahmad , Muhammad Haroon Shakeel , Murtaza Taj

Electroencephalography (EEG) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) can be applied for education to measure students' comprehension in classroom lectures; currently, the two measures have been used separately. In this work, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Phantharach Natnithikarat , Theerawit Wilaiprasitporn , Supavit Kongwudhikunakorn

Everyday communication is dynamic and multisensory, often involving shifting attention, overlapping speech and visual cues. Yet, most neural attention tracking studies are still limited to highly controlled lab settings, using clean, often…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Johanna Wilroth , Oskar Keding , Martin A. Skoglund , Maria Sandsten , Martin Enqvist , Emina Alickovic

Recently there has seen promising results on automatic stage scoring by extracting spatio-temporal features from electroencephalogram (EEG). Such methods entail laborious manual feature engineering and domain knowledge. In this study, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-08 Lingwei Zhu , Koki Odani , Ziwei Yang , Guang Shi , Yirong Kan , Zheng Chen , Renyuan Zhang

Electroencephalography (EEG) visual decoding remains challenging due to the modality gap between low-SNR neural signals and highly structured vision--language spaces, making direct cross-modal alignment unstable. To address this, we propose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-28 Jiahe Meng , Weiming Zeng , Yueyang Li , Bo Chai , Hongjie Yan , Zhiguo Zhang , Wai Ting Siok , Nizhuan Wang

In conventional machine learning (ML) approaches applied to electroencephalography (EEG), this is often a limited focus, isolating specific brain activities occurring across disparate temporal scales (from transient spikes in milliseconds…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-06 Jonathan W. Kim , Ahmed Alaa , Danilo Bernardo

Over the last few years, research in automatic sleep scoring has mainly focused on developing increasingly complex deep learning architectures. However, recently these approaches achieved only marginal improvements, often at the expense of…

We introduce an innovative approach to automated sleep stage classification using EOG signals, addressing the discomfort and impracticality associated with EEG data acquisition. In addition, it is important to note that this approach is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-09 Suvadeep Maiti , Shivam Kumar Sharma , Raju S. Bapi

Electroencephalogram (EEG) technology, particularly high-density EEG (HD EEG) devices, is widely used in fields such as neuroscience. HD EEG devices improve the spatial resolution of EEG by placing more electrodes on the scalp, which meet…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Shuqiang Wang , Tong Zhou , Yanyan Shen , Ye Li , Guoheng Huang , Yong Hu