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Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) in high dimensional spaces is crucial for many real-life applications (e.g., e-commerce, web, multimedia, etc.) dealing with an abundance of data. This paper proposes an end-to-end learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Abrar Fahim , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Muhammad Aamir Cheema

Embedding-based vector search underpins many important applications, such as recommendation and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). It relies on vector indices to enable efficient search. However, these indices require storing…

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) underpins modern applications such as information retrieval and recommendation. With the rapid growth of vector data, efficient indexing for real-time vector search has become rudimentary. Existing…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Yuchen Peng , Dingyu Yang , Zhongle Xie , Ji Sun , Lidan Shou , Ke Chen , Gang Chen

Hybrid search, which jointly optimizes vector similarity and structured predicate filtering, has become a fundamental building block for modern AI-driven systems. While recent predicate-aware ANN indices improve filtering efficiency on…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xinkui Zhao , Hengxuan Lou , Yifan Zhang , Junjie Dai , Shuiguang Deng , Jianwei Yin

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is essential for applications like recommendation systems and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) but is highly I/O-intensive and memory-demanding. CPUs face I/O bottlenecks, while GPUs are…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Mingkai Chen , Tianhua Han , Cheng Liu , Shengwen Liang , Kuai Yu , Lei Dai , Ziming Yuan , Ying Wang , Lei Zhang , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) has become a cornerstone in modern vector database systems. Given a query vector, ANNS retrieves the closest vectors from a set of base vectors. In real-world applications, vectors are often…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Haoxuan Xie , Siqiang Luo

Graph-based high-dimensional vector indices have become a mainstream solution for large-scale approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS). However, their substantial memory footprint often requires storage on secondary devices, where…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yijie Zhou , Shengyuan Lin , Shufeng Gong , Song Yu , Shuhao Fan , Yanfeng Zhang , Ge Yu

Approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search is a key component in many modern machine learning pipelines; recent use cases include retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and vector databases. Clustering-based ANN algorithms, that use score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Elias Jääsaari , Ville Hyvönen , Teemu Roos

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) underpins many large-scale data mining and machine learning applications, with efficient retrieval increasingly hinging on GPU acceleration as dataset sizes grow. Although graph-based approaches…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yaowen Liu , Xuejia Chen , Anxin Tian , Haoyang Li , Qinbin Li , Xin Zhang , Alexander Zhou , Chen Jason Zhang , Qing Li , Lei Chen

We present the first systematic investigation of graph reordering effects for graph-based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) on a GPU. While graph-based ANNS has become the dominant paradigm for modern AI applications, recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yutaro Oguri , Mai Nishimura , Yusuke Matsui

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in databases and data mining. A scalable ANNS algorithm should be both memory-efficient and fast. Some early graph-based approaches have shown attractive theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Cong Fu , Chao Xiang , Changxu Wang , Deng Cai

Filtered approximate nearest neighbor search (FANNS), an extension of approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) that incorporates scalar filters, has been widely applied to constrained retrieval of vector data. Despite its growing…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yanjun Lin , Kai Zhang , Zhenying He , Yinan Jing , X. Sean Wang

Embedding-based dense retrieval has become the cornerstone of many critical applications, where approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) queries are often combined with filters on labels such as dates and price ranges. Graph-based indexes…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yicheng Jin , Yongji Wu , Wenjun Hu , Bruce M. Maggs , Jun Yang , Xiao Zhang , Danyang Zhuo

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in many areas of machine learning and data mining. During the past decade, numerous hashing algorithms are proposed to solve this problem. Every proposed algorithm claims…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Deng Cai

Vector search underpins modern AI applications by supporting approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) queries over high-dimensional embeddings in tasks like retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), recommendation systems, and multimodal search.…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shurui Zhong , Dingheng Mo , Siqiang Luo

Graph-based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is widely adopted in numerous applications, such as recommendation systems, natural language processing, and computer vision. While recent works on GPU-based acceleration have…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Sukjin Kim , Seongyeon Park , Si Ung Noh , Junguk Hong , Taehee Kwon , Hunseong Lim , Jinho Lee

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) over high-dimensional vectors is a foundational problem in databases, where disk I/O often emerges as the dominant performance bottleneck at scale. To accelerate search, graph-based indexes rely on…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Huiling Li , Xin Huang , Byron Choi , Jianliang Xu

Approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search is a fundamental problem in computer science for which in-memory graph-based methods, such as Hierarchical Navigable Small World (HNSW), perform exceptionally well. To scale beyond billions of…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Manuel Widmoser , Daniel Kocher , Nikolaus Augsten

Billion-scale high-dimensional approximate nearest neighbour (ANN) search has become an important problem for searching similar objects among the vast amount of images and videos available online. The existing ANN methods are usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Wei Chen , Jincai Chen , Fuhao Zou , Yuan-Fang Li , Ping Lu , Qiang Wang , Wei Zhao

Nearest neighbour search over dense vector collections has important applications in information retrieval, retrieval augmented generation (RAG), and content ranking. Performing efficient search over large vector collections is a well…