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RSA is an incredibly successful and useful asymmetric encryption algorithm. One of the types of implementation flaws in RSA is low entropy of the key generation, specifically the prime number creation stage. This can occur due to flawed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Elijah Pelofske

We revisit Fermat's factorization method for a positive integer $n$ that is a product of two primes $p$ and $q$. Such an integer is used as the modulus for both encryption and decryption operations of an RSA cryptosystem. The security of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-10-23 Sounak Gupta , Goutam Paul

Prime factorization has been a buzzing topic in the field of number theory since time unknown. However, in recent years, alternative avenues to tackle this problem are being explored by researchers because of its direct application in the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Mahadee Al Mobin , Md Kamrujjaman

The security of RSA algorithm depends upon the positive integer N, which is the multiple of two precise large prime numbers. Factorization of such great numbers is a problematic process. There are many algorithms has been implemented in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-01-13 Nidhi Lal , Anurag Prakash Singh , Shishupal Kumar

The assumed computationally difficulty of factoring large integers forms the basis of security for RSA public-key cryptography, which specifically relies on products of two large primes or semi-primes. The best-known factoring algorithms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Michele Mosca , Sebastian R. Verschoor

Primality generation is the cornerstone of several essential cryptographic systems. The problem has been a subject of deep investigations, but there is still a substantial room for improvements. Typically, the algorithms used have two parts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Vassil Dimitrov , Luigi Vigneri , Vidal Attias

After attacking the RSA by injecting fault and corresponding countermeasures, works appear now about the need for protecting RSA public elements against fault attacks. We provide here an extension of a recent attack based on the public…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-02-01 Alexandre Berzati , Cécile Canovas , Jean-Guillaume Dumas , Louis Goubin

In this paper, we present attacks on three types of RSA modulus when the least significant bits of the prime factors of RSA modulus satisfy some conditions. Let $p,$ and $q$ be primes of the form $p=a^{m_1}+r_p$ and $q=b^{m_2}+r_q$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-29 M. Anwar , Mustafa Ismail , H. M. Bahig

Many modern asymmetric encryption methods rely on prime numbers, as they have distinctive properties. For instance, the security of RSA cryptosystem relies on the computational difficulty of factoring a large composite number in its prime…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Anas A. Abudaqa , Nujud Alyami , Mostefa Kara , Farid Binbeshr , Muhammad Imam , Amjad Abuhassan

This article proposes a new method to inject backdoors in RSA and other cryptographic primitives based on the Integer Factorization problem for balanced semi-primes. The method relies on mathematical congruences among the factors of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Marco Cesati

Classical public-key cryptography standards rely on the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) encryption protocol. The security of this protocol is based on the exponential computational complexity of the most efficient classical algorithms for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Marco Tesoro , Ilaria Siloi , Daniel Jaschke , Giuseppe Magnifico , Simone Montangero

In 2016, Svenda et al. (USENIX 2016, The Million-key Question) reported that the implementation choices in cryptographic libraries allow for qualified guessing about the origin of public RSA keys. We extend the technique to two new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Adam Janovsky , Matus Nemec , Petr Svenda , Peter Sekan , Vashek Matyas

We point out critical deficiencies in lattice-based cryptanalysis of common prime RSA presented in ``Remarks on the cryptanalysis of common prime RSA for IoT constrained low power devices'' [Information Sciences, 538 (2020) 54--68]. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Mengce Zheng

The Implicit Factorization Problem was first introduced by May and Ritzenhofen at PKC'09. This problem aims to factorize two RSA moduli $N_1=p_1q_1$ and $N_2=p_2q_2$ when their prime factors share a certain number of least significant bits…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yansong Feng , Abderrahmane Nitaj , Yanbin Pan

The security of messages encoded via the widely used RSA public key encryption system rests on the enormous computational effort required to find the prime factors of a large number N using classical (i.e., conventional) computers. In 1994,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Edward Gerjuoy

This study introduces a decentralized approach to secure wireless communication using a cryptographic secret key generation algorithm among distributed nodes. The system model employs Gaussian prime numbers, ensuring the collaborative…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Ertugrul Alper , Eray Guven , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Enver Ozdemir

We present a new approach to RSA factorization inspired by geometric interpretations and square differences. This method reformulates the problem in terms of the distance between perfect squares and provides a recurrence relation that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Akihisa Yorozu

Quantum computing devices are believed to be powerful in solving the prime factorization problem, which is at the heart of widely deployed public-key cryptographic tools. However, the implementation of Shor's quantum factorization algorithm…

In symmetric key cryptography the sender as well as the receiver possess a common key. Asymmetric key cryptography involves generation of two distinct keys which are used for encryption and decryption correspondingly. The sender converts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-25 Akashdeep Bhardwaj , GVB Subrahmanyam , Vinay Avasthi , Hanumat Sastry

Modern cryptography is largely based on complexity assumptions, for example, the ubiquitous RSA is based on the supposed complexity of the prime factorization problem. Thus, it is of fundamental importance to understand how a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 Jose Luis Rosales
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