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Visual Autoregressive(VAR) models enhance generation quality but face a critical efficiency bottleneck in later stages. In this paper, we present a novel optimization framework for VAR models that fundamentally differs from prior approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jiayu Chen , Ruoyu Lin , Zihao Zheng , Jingxin Li , Maoliang Li , Guojie Luo , Xiang Chen

Traditional monocular Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) systems struggle in low-texture environments where sparse visual features are insufficient for accurate pose estimation. To address this, dense Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE) has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Arda Alniak , Sinan Kalkan , Mustafa Mert Ankarali , Afsar Saranli , Abdullah Aydin Alatan

We present a generalised self-supervised learning approach for monocular estimation of the real depth across scenes with diverse depth ranges from 1--100s of meters. Existing supervised methods for monocular depth estimation require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Mertalp Ocal , Armin Mustafa

Monocular depth estimation is vital for scene understanding and downstream tasks. We focus on the supervised setup, in which ground-truth depth is available only at training time. Based on knowledge about the high regularity of real 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Vaishakh Patil , Christos Sakaridis , Alexander Liniger , Luc Van Gool

We investigate the fundamental limits of transformer-based foundation models, extending our analysis to include Visual Autoregressive (VAR) transformers. VAR represents a big step toward generating images using a novel, scalable,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yifang Chen , Xiaoyu Li , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song

Recent developments in monocular depth estimation methods enable high-quality depth estimation of single-view images but fail to estimate consistent video depth across different frames. Recent works address this problem by applying a video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Jiahao Lu , Tianyu Huang , Peng Li , Zhiyang Dou , Cheng Lin , Zhiming Cui , Zhen Dong , Sai-Kit Yeung , Wenping Wang , Yuan Liu

Current self-supervised monocular depth estimation methods are mostly based on estimating a rigid-body motion representing camera motion. These methods suffer from the well-known scale ambiguity problem in their predictions. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Sadra Safadoust , Fatma Güney

Visual autoregressive models (VAR) have recently emerged as a promising class of generative models, achieving performance comparable to diffusion models in text-to-image generation tasks. While conditional generation has been widely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Quan Dao , Xiaoxiao He , Ligong Han , Ngan Hoai Nguyen , Amin Heyrani Nobar , Faez Ahmed , Han Zhang , Viet Anh Nguyen , Dimitris Metaxas

Accurate monocular depth estimation is crucial for 3D scene understanding, but existing methods often blur depth at object boundaries, introducing spurious intermediate 3D points. While achieving sharp edges usually requires very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Aurélien Cecille , Stefan Duffner , Franck Davoine , Rémi Agier , Thibault Neveu

This paper addresses the problem of Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE). Existing approaches on MDE usually model it as a pixel-level regression problem, ignoring the underlying geometry property. We empirically find this may result in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Yixuan Liu , Yuwang Wang , Shengjin Wang

Unsupervised monocular depth estimation has received widespread attention because of its capability to train without ground truth. In real-world scenarios, the images may be blurry or noisy due to the influence of weather conditions and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Runze Liu , Dongchen Zhu , Guanghui Zhang , Yue Xu , Wenjun Shi , Xiaolin Zhang , Lei Wang , Jiamao Li

While inference-time scaling has significantly enhanced generative quality in large language and diffusion models, its application to vector-quantized (VQ) visual autoregressive modeling (VAR) remains unexplored. We introduce VAR-Scaling,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Weidong Tang , Xinyan Wan , Siyu Li , Xiumei Wang

In this paper, we address the problem of monocular depth estimation when only a limited number of training image-depth pairs are available. To achieve a high regression accuracy, the state-of-the-art estimation methods rely on CNNs trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Rongrong Ji , Ke Li , Yan Wang , Xiaoshuai Sun , Feng Guo , Xiaowei Guo , Yongjian Wu , Feiyue Huang , Jiebo Luo

UAVs have become an essential photogrammetric measurement as they are affordable, easily accessible and versatile. Aerial images captured from UAVs have applications in small and large scale texture mapping, 3D modelling, object detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Logambal Madhuanand , Francesco Nex , Michael Ying Yang

Depth information is important for autonomous systems to perceive environments and estimate their own state. Traditional depth estimation methods, like structure from motion and stereo vision matching, are built on feature correspondences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Chaoqiang Zhao , Qiyu Sun , Chongzhen Zhang , Yang Tang , Feng Qian

Visual AutoRegressive (VAR) modeling has garnered significant attention for its innovative next-scale prediction paradigm. However, mainstream VAR paradigms attend to all tokens across historical scales at each autoregressive step. As the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zekun Li , Ning Wang , Tongxin Bai , Changwang Mei , Peisong Wang , Shuang Qiu , Jian Cheng

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from a single image is an ill-posed problem with inherent ambiguities, i.e. scale. Predicting a 3D scene from text description(s) is similarly ill-posed, i.e. spatial arrangements of objects described.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Ziyao Zeng , Daniel Wang , Fengyu Yang , Hyoungseob Park , Yangchao Wu , Stefano Soatto , Byung-Woo Hong , Dong Lao , Alex Wong

Monocular depth estimation aims at predicting depth from a single image or video. Recently, self-supervised methods draw much attention since they are free of depth annotations and achieve impressive performance on several daytime…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Kun Wang , Zhenyu Zhang , Zhiqiang Yan , Xiang Li , Baobei Xu , Jun Li , Jian Yang

Visual AutoRegressive (VAR) models based on next-scale prediction enable efficient hierarchical generation, yet the inference cost grows quadratically at high resolutions. We observe that the computationally intensive later scales…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Keli Liu , Zhendong Wang , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li

We integrate sparse radar data into a monocular depth estimation model and introduce a novel preprocessing method for reducing the sparseness and limited field of view provided by radar. We explore the intrinsic error of different radar…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-01 Chen-Chou Lo , Patrick Vandewalle