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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in solving graph classification tasks. However, most GNN architectures aggregate information from all nodes and edges in a graph, regardless of their relevance to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-19 Pablo Sanchez-Martin , Kinaan Aamir Khan , Isabel Valera

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel at analyzing graph-structured data but struggle on heterophilic graphs, where connected nodes often belong to different classes. While this challenge is commonly addressed with specialized GNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Harel Mendelman , Haggai Maron , Ronen Talmon

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been extensively studied for prediction tasks on graphs. As pointed out by recent studies, most GNNs assume local homophily, i.e., strong similarities in local neighborhoods. This assumption however limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Sean Li , Dongwoo Kim , Qing Wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success among various domains. Nevertheless, most GNN methods are sensitive to the quality of graph structures. To tackle this problem, some studies exploit different graph structure learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Liping Wang , Fenyu Hu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Despite the success of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) on various applications, GNNs encounter significant performance degradation when the amount of supervision signals, i.e., number of labeled nodes, is limited, which is expected as GNNs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Junseok Lee , Yunhak Oh , Yeonjun In , Namkyeong Lee , Dongmin Hyun , Chanyoung Park

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become pivotal tools for a range of graph-based learning tasks. Notably, most current GNN architectures operate under the assumption of homophily, whether explicitly or implicitly. While this underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Kun Wang , Guibin Zhang , Xinnan Zhang , Junfeng Fang , Xun Wu , Guohao Li , Shirui Pan , Wei Huang , Yuxuan Liang

Recent years have witnessed the success of heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs) in modeling heterogeneous information networks (HINs). In this paper, we focus on the benchmark task of HGNNs, i.e., node classification, and empirically…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Cheng Yang , Xumeng Gong , Chuan Shi , Philip S. Yu

In many important graph data processing applications the acquired information includes both node features and observations of the graph topology. Graph neural networks (GNNs) are designed to exploit both sources of evidence but they do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Eli Chien , Jianhao Peng , Pan Li , Olgica Milenkovic

Graph neural networks (GNN) have been ubiquitous in graph node classification tasks. Most of GNN methods update the node embedding iteratively by aggregating its neighbors' information. However, they often suffer from negative disturbance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Jie Chen , Shouzhen Chen , Mingyuan Bai , Jian Pu , Junping Zhang , Junbin Gao

We consider a family of problems that are concerned about making predictions for the majority of unlabeled, graph-structured data samples based on a small proportion of labeled samples. Relational information among the data samples, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Jiaqi Ma , Weijing Tang , Ji Zhu , Qiaozhu Mei

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown state-of-the-art improvements in node classification tasks on graphs. While these improvements have been largely demonstrated in a multi-class classification scenario, a more general and realistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Tianqi Zhao , Ngan Thi Dong , Alan Hanjalic , Megha Khosla

Homophily principle, \ie{} nodes with the same labels or similar attributes are more likely to be connected, has been commonly believed to be the main reason for the superiority of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) over traditional Neural…

Graph heterophily, where connected nodes have different labels, has attracted significant interest recently. Most existing works adopt a simplified approach - using low-pass filters for homophilic graphs and high-pass filters for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shuaicheng Zhang , Haohui Wang , Junhong Lin , Xiaojie Guo , Yada Zhu , Si Zhang , Dongqi Fu , Dawei Zhou

Graph neural networks (GNNs) excel on homophilic graphs where connected nodes share labels, but struggle with heterophilic graphs where edges do not imply similarity. Moreover, iterative message passing limits scalability due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Turja Kundu , Sanjukta Bhowmick

Graph neural networks (GNNs) learn to represent nodes by aggregating information from their neighbors. As GNNs increase in depth, their receptive field grows exponentially, leading to high memory costs. Several existing methods address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Taraneh Younesian , Daniel Daza , Emile van Krieken , Thiviyan Thanapalasingam , Peter Bloem

Semi-supervised node classification in attributed graphs, i.e., graphs with node features, involves learning to classify unlabeled nodes given a partially labeled graph. Label predictions are made by jointly modeling the node and its'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-24 Priyesh Vijayan , Yash Chandak , Mitesh M. Khapra , Srinivasan Parthasarathy , Balaraman Ravindran

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated significant success in learning from graph-structured data across various domains. Despite their great successful, one critical challenge is often overlooked by existing works, i.e., the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Tianxiang Zhao , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

We investigate the representation power of graph neural networks in the semi-supervised node classification task under heterophily or low homophily, i.e., in networks where connected nodes may have different class labels and dissimilar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Jiong Zhu , Yujun Yan , Lingxiao Zhao , Mark Heimann , Leman Akoglu , Danai Koutra

We introduce Attention Graphs, a new tool for mechanistic interpretability of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Graph Transformers based on the mathematical equivalence between message passing in GNNs and the self-attention mechanism in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Batu El , Deepro Choudhury , Pietro Liò , Chaitanya K. Joshi

Graph representation learning aim at integrating node contents with graph structure to learn nodes/graph representations. Nevertheless, it is found that many existing graph learning methods do not work well on data with high heterophily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Jincheng Huang , Ping Li , Rui Huang , Chen Na , Acong Zhang