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WebAssembly enables near-native execution in web applications and is increasingly adopted for tasks that demand high performance and robust security. However, its assembly-like syntax, implicit stack machine, and low-level data types make…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Weike Fang , Zhejian Zhou , Junzhou He , Weihang Wang

According to the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP), Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is a critical security vulnerability. Despite decades of research, XSS remains among the top 10 security vulnerabilities. Researchers have proposed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Dennis Miczek , Divyesh Gabbireddy , Suman Saha

Creating data reports is a labor-intensive task involving iterative data exploration, insight extraction, and narrative construction. A key challenge lies in composing the analysis logic-from defining objectives and transforming data to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yuan Tian , Chuhan Zhang , Xiaotong Wang , Sitong Pan , Weiwei Cui , Haidong Zhang , Dazhen Deng , Yingcai Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in software engineering, yet their effectiveness for binary analysis remains unexplored. We present the first comprehensive evaluation of commercial LLMs for assembly code deobfuscation.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Anton Tkachenko , Dmitrij Suskevic , Benjamin Adolphi

This paper introduces ObfusQate, a novel tool that conducts obfuscations using quantum primitives to enhance the security of both classical and quantum programs. We have designed and implemented two primary categories of obfuscations:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Nikhil Bartake , See Toh Zi Jie , Carmen Wong Jiawen , Michael Kasper , Vivek Balachandran

In this work, we consider an inversion attack on the obfuscated input embeddings sent to a language model on a server, where the adversary has no access to the language model or the obfuscation mechanism and sees only the obfuscated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Kaan Kale , Kyle Mylonakis , Jay Roberts , Sidhartha Roy

Reverse engineering can be used to derive a 3D model of an existing physical part when such a model is not readily available. For parts that will be fabricated with subtractive and formative manufacturing processes, existing reverse…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Jannatul Bushra , Md Habibor Rahman , Mohammed Shafae , Hannah D. Budinoff

Debuggers are a popular reverse engineering and tampering tool. Self-debugging is an effective technique for applications to defend themselves against hostile debuggers. In penetration tests on state-of-the-art self-debugging, we observed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Bert Abrath , Bart Coppens , Ilja Nevolin , Bjorn De Sutter

Obfuscation is the action of making something unintelligible. In software development, this action can be applied to source code or binary applications. The aim of this dissertation was to implement a tool for the obfuscation of C and C++…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Dominik Picheta

A novel algorithm for face obfuscation, called Forbes, which aims to obfuscate facial appearance recognizable by humans but preserve the identity and attributes decipherable by machines, is proposed in this paper. Forbes first applies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Jintae Kim , Seungwon yang , Seong-Gyun Jeong , Chang-Su Kim

Reverse Engineering(RE) has been a fundamental task in software engineering. However, most of the traditional Java reverse engineering tools are strictly rule defined, thus are not fault-tolerant, which pose serious problem when noise and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Zhiming Li , Qing Wu , Kun Qian

The UML allows us to specify models in a precise, complete and unambiguous manner. In particular, the UML addresses the specification of all important decisions regarding analysis, design and implementation. Although UML is not a visual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2010-01-26 S. S. Riaz Ahamed

Numerous security threats are emerging from untrusted players in the integrated circuit (IC) ecosystem. Among them, reverse engineering practices with the intent to counterfeit, overproduce, or modify an IC are worrying. In recent years,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Giorgi Basiashvili , Zain Ul Abideen , Samuel Pagliarini

Code obfuscation is widely adopted in modern software development to protect intellectual property and hinder reverse engineering, but it also provides attackers with a powerful means to conceal malicious logic inside otherwise legitimate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Francesco Pagano , Lorenzo Pisu , Leonardo Regano , Davide Maiorca , Alessio Merlo , Giorgio Giacinto

With the recent unprecedented advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing, progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) is accelerating rapidly, presenting challenges in establishing clear guidelines, particularly in the field of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Nafis Tanveer Islam , Joseph Khoury , Andrew Seong , Elias Bou-Harb , Peyman Najafirad

Building and maintaining a silicon foundry is a costly endeavor that requires substantial financial investment. From this scenario, the semiconductor business has largely shifted to a fabless model where the Integrated Circuit supply chain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Zain Ul Abideen , Sumathi Gokulanathan , Muayad J. Aljafar , Samuel Pagliarini

Code obfuscation is a major tool for protecting software intellectual property from attacks such as reverse engineering or code tampering. Yet, recently proposed (automated) attacks based on Dynamic Symbolic Execution (DSE) shows very…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Mathilde Ollivier , Sébastien Bardin , Richard Bonichon , Jean-Yves Marion

Plagiarism detection in programming education faces growing challenges due to increasingly sophisticated obfuscation techniques, particularly automated refactoring-based attacks. While code plagiarism detection systems used in education…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Robin Maisch , Larissa Schmid , Timur Sağlam , Nils Niehues

Software obfuscation is widely used by Android developers to protect the source code of their applications against adversarial reverse-engineering efforts. A specific type of obfuscation, string obfuscation, transforms the content of all…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Martijn de Vos , Johan Pouwelse

Advances in reverse engineering make it challenging to deploy any on-chip information in a way that is hidden from a determined attacker. A variety of techniques have been proposed for design obfuscation including look-alike cells in which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Shahrzad Keshavarz , Daniel Holcomb