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Related papers: Active inference and artificial reasoning

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We seek to clarify the concept of active inference by disentangling it from the Free Energy Principle. We show how the optimizations that need to be carried out in order to implement active inference in discrete state spaces can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Patrick Kenny

We introduce the concepts of Bayesian lens, characterizing the bidirectional structure of exact Bayesian inference, and statistical game, formalizing the optimization objectives of approximate inference problems. We prove that Bayesian…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-10 Toby St. Clere Smithe

The free energy principle, and its corollary active inference, constitute a bio-inspired theory that assumes biological agents act to remain in a restricted set of preferred states of the world, i.e., they minimize their free energy. Under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Pietro Mazzaglia , Tim Verbelen , Ozan Çatal , Bart Dhoedt

Active inference is a Bayesian framework for understanding biological intelligence. The underlying theory brings together perception and action under one single imperative: minimizing free energy. However, despite its theoretical utility in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-23 Zafeirios Fountas , Noor Sajid , Pedro A. M. Mediano , Karl Friston

We develop a novel framework of bounded rationality under cognitive frictions that studies learning over optimal behavior through both deliberative reasoning and accumulated experiences. Using both types of information, agents engage in…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-03-28 Cosmin Ilut , Rosen Valchev

In this paper we introduce a general estimation methodology for learning a model of human perception and control in a sensorimotor control task based upon a finite set of demonstrations. The model's structure consists of i the agent's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Ran Wei , Anthony D. McDonald , Alfredo Garcia , Gustav Markkula , Johan Engstrom , Matthew O'Kelly

To make decisions we are guided by the evidence we collect, as well as the opinions of friends and neighbors. How do we integrate our private beliefs with information we obtain from our social network? To understand the strategies humans…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-03-04 Bhargav Karamched , Simon Stolarczyk , Zachary Kilpatrick , Krešimir Josić

Classical learning assumes the learner is given a labeled data sample, from which it learns a model. The field of Active Learning deals with the situation where the learner begins not with a training sample, but instead with resources that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Omid Madani , Daniel J. Lizotte , Russell Greiner

There are various models proposed on how knowledge is generated in the human brain including the semantic networks model. Although this model has been widely studied and even computational models are presented, but, due to various limits…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Jamshid Ghasimi , Nazanin Movarraei

Several recent papers investigate Active Learning (AL) for mitigating the data dependence of deep learning for natural language processing. However, the applicability of AL to real-world problems remains an open question. While in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Aditya Siddhant , Zachary C. Lipton

Active inference provides a general framework for behavior and learning in autonomous agents. It states that an agent will attempt to minimize its variational free energy, defined in terms of beliefs over observations, internal states and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Samuel T. Wauthier , Bram Vanhecke , Tim Verbelen , Bart Dhoedt

We develop the compositional theory of active inference by introducing activity, functorially relating statistical games to the dynamical systems which play them, using the new notion of approximate inference doctrine. In order to exhibit…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-08-26 Toby St. Clere Smithe

The multifaceted nature of subjective experience poses a challenge to the study of consciousness. Traditional neuroscientific approaches often concentrate on isolated facets, such as perceptual awareness or the global state of consciousness…

Active Inference is a theory of action arising from neuroscience which casts action and planning as a bayesian inference problem to be solved by minimizing a single quantity - the variational free energy. Active Inference promises a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Beren Millidge

This paper considers neural representation through the lens of active inference, a normative framework for understanding brain function. It delves into how living organisms employ generative models to minimize the discrepancy between…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-24 Giovanni Pezzulo , Leo D'Amato , Francesco Mannella , Matteo Priorelli , Toon Van de Maele , Ivilin Peev Stoianov , Karl Friston

Active statistical inference is a new method for inference with AI-assisted data collection. Given a budget on the number of labeled data points that can be collected and assuming access to an AI predictive model, the basic idea is to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-13 Puheng Li , Tijana Zrnic , Emmanuel Candès

Future sequence represents the outcome after executing the action into the environment (i.e. the trajectory onwards). When driven by the information-theoretic concept of mutual information, it seeks maximally informative consequences.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Jianfei Ma

As artificial agents become increasingly capable, what internal structure is *necessary* for an agent to act competently under uncertainty? Classical results show that optimal control can be *implemented* using belief states or world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Aran Nayebi

Human agents routinely reason on instances with incomplete and muddied data (and weigh the cost of obtaining further features). In contrast, much of ML is devoted to the unrealistic, sterile environment where all features are observed and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yang Li , Junier Oliva

The ability to selectively attend to relevant stimuli while filtering out distractions is essential for agents that process complex, high-dimensional sensory input. This paper introduces a model of covert and overt visual attention through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Tin Mišić , Karlo Koledić , Fabio Bonsignorio , Ivan Petrović , Ivan Marković