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Quantum networks rely on both quantum and classical channels for coordinated operation. Current architectures employ entanglement distribution and key exchange over quantum channels but often assume that classical communication is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Xin Jin , Nitish Kumar Chandra , Mohadeseh Azari , Kaushik P. Seshadreesan , Junyu Liu

We show that the quantum nature of light can be used to hide a secret message within a photograph. Using this physical principle we achieve information-theoretic secure steganography, which had remained elusive until now. The protocol is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-27 Bruno Sanguinetti , Anthony Martin , Giulia Traverso , Jonathan Lavoie , Hugo Zbinden

Secure communication that allows only the sender and intended recipient of a message to view its content has a long history. Quantum objects, such as single photons are ideal carriers for secure information transmission because, according…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 R. Shakhmuratov , A. Zinnatullin , F. Vagizov

Present-day quantum communication predominantly depends on trusted relays (e.g., quantum repeaters, low-Earth-orbit satellite) connected by optical fiber cables to transmit information. However, recent evidence supports a decades-old…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Wesley Joon-Wie Tann

Bit commitment is a fundamental cryptographic primitive in which Bob wishes to commit a secret bit to Alice. Perfectly secure bit commitment has been proven impossible through asynchronous exchange of classical and quantum information.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-25 T. Lunghi , J. Kaniewski , F. Bussieres , R. Houlmann , M. Tomamichel , A. Kent , N. Gisin , S. Wehner , H. Zbinden

Quantum dense coding is one of the most important protocols in quantum communication. It derives from the idea of using quantum resources to boost the communication capacity and now serves as a key primitive across a variety of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 Yu Guo , Bi-Heng Liu , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Quantum channels are known to provide qualitatively better information transfer capacities over their classical counterparts. Examples include quantum cryptography, quantum dense coding, and quantum teleportation. This is a short review on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Aditi Sen De , Ujjwal Sen

Quantum networks are distributed quantum many-body systems with tailored topology and controlled information exchange. They are the backbone of distributed quantum computing architectures and quantum communication. Here we present a…

Quantum network protocols offer new functionalities such as enhanced security to communication and computational systems. Despite the rapid progress in quantum hardware, it has not yet reached a level of maturity that enables execution of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-19 Chin-Te Liao , Sima Bahrani , Francisco Ferreira da Silva , Elham Kashefi

We consider the scenario where Alice wants to send a secret (classical) $n$-bit message to Bob using a classical key, and where only one-way transmission from Alice to Bob is possible. In this case, quantum communication cannot help to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ivan Damgaard , Thomas Pedersen , Louis Salvail

In this paper, a quantum version of classical alternating bit protocol is proposed. This protocol provides a reliable method to transmit the secret quantum data via a noisy quantum channel while the entanglement between particles is not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-06-02 Hadi Farahani

We extend covert communication to the quantum regime by showing that covert quantum communication is possible over optical channels with noise arising either from the environment or from the sender's lab. In particular, we show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-21 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Valerio Scarani

Quantum mechanics provides cryptographic primitives whose security is grounded in hardness assumptions independent of those underlying classical cryptography. However, existing proposals require low-noise quantum communication and…

Anonymity has become a significant issue in security field by recent advances in information technology and internet. The main objective of anonymity is hiding and concealing entities privacy inside a system. Many methods and protocols have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-10-06 Morteza Yousefi Kharaji , Fatemeh Salehi Rizi

Information-theoretic key agreement is impossible to achieve from scratch and must be based on some - ultimately physical - premise. In 2005, Barrett, Hardy, and Kent showed that unconditional security can be obtained in principle based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Esther Hänggi , Renato Renner , Stefan Wolf

Quantum Key Distribution is a quantum communication technique in which random numbers are encoded on quantum systems, usually photons, and sent from one party, Alice, to another, Bob. Using the data sent via the quantum signals,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-09 T. C. Ralph , N. Walk

Quantum information, computation and communication, will have a great impact on our world. One important subfield will be quantum networking and the quantum Internet. The purpose of a quantum Internet is to enable applications that are…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Antonio Abelem , Don Towsley , Gayane Vardoyan

We consider quantum key distribution in the device-independent scenario, i.e., where the legitimate parties do not know (or trust) the exact specification of their apparatus. We show how secure key distribution can be realized against the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-19 Esther Hänggi , Renato Renner

This study presents the first semi-quantum private comparison protocol under an almost-dishonest third party. The proposed protocol allows two classical participants to compare their secret information without compromising it's privacy. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-24 Wen-Han Chou , Tzonelih Hwang , Jun Gu

In the era of big data, anonymity is recognized as an important attribute in privacy-preserving communications. The existing anonymous authentication and routing are applied at higher layers of networks, ignoring physical layer (PHY) also…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Zhongxiang Wei , Fan Liu , Christos Masouros , H. Vincent Poor