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Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are being considered for expanding legacy terrestrial cellular networks. The end users may not be able to optimize satellite orbits and constellations, however, they can optimize locations of ground stations…

Space Physics · Physics 2019-10-25 Iestyn Morgan-Jones , Pavel Loskot

We have used an existing, robotic, multi-lens, all-sky camera system, coupled to a dedicated data reduction pipeline, to automatically determine orbital parameters of satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Each of the fixed cameras has a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-20 T. P. G. Wijnen , R. Stuik , M. Rodenhuis , M. Langbroek , P. Wijnja

In recent years, the number of satellites in orbit has increased rapidly, with megaconstellations like Starlink providing near-global, delay-sensitive communication services. However, not all satellite communication use cases have stringent…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ethan Fettes , Pablo G. Madoery , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Abhishek Naik , Stéphane Martel

To model existing or future low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks leveraging multiple constellations, we propose a simple analytical approach to represent the clustering of satellites on orbits. More precisely, we develop a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-24 Chang-Sik Choi , François Baccelli

With the deployment of satellite constellations, Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices in remote areas have gained access to low-cost network connectivity. In this paper, we investigate the performance of IoT devices connecting in up-link…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Jiusi Zhou , Ruibo Wang , Basem Shihada , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

A general satellite channel model is proposed for communications between a rapidly moving low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite in a mega-constellation and a stationary user on Earth. The channel uses a non-homogeneous binomial point process…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Brendon McBain , Yi Hong , Emanuele Viterbo

Reaching all regions of Earth, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites can harvest delay-tolerant data from remotely located users on Earth without ground infrastructure. This work aims to assess a data harvest network architecture where users…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Chang-Sik Choi

As LEO/VLEO satellites offer many attractive features, such as low transmission delay, they are expected to be an integral part of 6G. Global entanglement distribution over LEO and VLEO satellites network must reckon with satellite movement…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-07-24 A. Sen , C. Sumnicht , S. Choudhuri , A. Chang , G. Xue

This paper presents SNK, a novel simulation platform designed to evaluate the network performance of constellation systems for global Internet services. SNK offers realtime communication visualization and supports the simulation of routing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xiangtong Wang , Xiaodong Han , Menglong Yang , Songchen Han , Wei Li

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites offer a promising alternative to global navigation satellite systems for precise positioning; however, their relatively low altitudes make them more susceptible to orbital perturbations, which in turn…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Jie Ma , Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Yuchen Zhang , Ali A. Nasir , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

This paper analyzes the performance of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites based internet-of-things (IoT) network where each IoT node makes use of multiple satellites to communicate with the ground station (GS). In this work, we consider fixed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-23 Ayush Kumar Dwivedi , Sai Praneeth Chokkarapu , Sachin Chaudhari , Neeraj Varshney

Catalog maintenance of space objects by limited number of ground-based sensors presents a formidable challenging task to the space community. This article presents a methodology for time-invariant tracking and surveillance of space objects…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-02 Partha Chowdhury , Harsha M , Chinni Prabhunath Georg , Arun Balaji Buduru , Sanat K Biswas

This paper focuses on 3D localization of transmitting satellites in low Earth orbits (LEO). 3D localization of transmitters in low orbits is an important emerging problem for many applications such as spectrum management, orbit…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ishani Janveja , Jida Zhang , Emerson Sie , Deepak Vasisht

The advancements of remote sensing (RS) pose increasingly high demands on computation and transmission resources. Conventional ground-offloading techniques, which transmit large amounts of raw data to the ground, suffer from poor…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Jiaqi Cao , Shengli Zhang , Qingxia Chen , Houtian Wang , Mingzhe Wang , Naijin Liu

Systems of small distributed satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) transmitting cooperatively to a multiple antenna ground station (GS) are investigated. These satellite swarms have the benefit of much higher spatial separation in the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-17 Maik Röper , Bho Matthiesen , Dirk Wübben , Petar Popovski , Armin Dekorsy

As air travel demand increases, uninterrupted high-speed internet access becomes essential. However, current satellite-based systems face latency and connectivity challenges. While prior research has focused on terrestrial 5G and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Raúl Parada , Victor Monzon Baeza , Carlos Horcajo Fernández de Gamboa , Rocío Serrano Camacho , Carlos Monzo

LEO Satellite Networks (LSNs) are revolutionizing global connectivity, but their reliance on tens of thousands of satellites raises pressing concerns over sustainability and survivability. In this work, we argue that the inefficiencies in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chris Misa , Ramakrishnan Durairajan

Arctic regions, such as northern Canada, face significant challenges in achieving consistent connectivity and low-latency computing services due to the sparse coverage of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. To enhance service reliability in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Mohammed Almekhlafi , Antoine Lesage-Landry , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks introduce unique congestion control (CC) challenges due to frequent handovers, rapidly changing round-trip times (RTTs), and non-congestive loss. This paper presents the first comprehensive,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Mihai Mazilu , Aiden Valentine , George Parisis

This paper investigates joint device identification, channel estimation, and symbol detection for cooperative multi-satellite-enhanced random access, where orthogonal time-frequency space modulation with the large antenna array is utilized…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Boxiao Shen , Yongpeng Wu , Shiqi Gong , Heng Liu , Björn Ottersten , Wenjun Zhang