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In this letter, we present an explicit rephasing transformation that maps an arbitrary mixing matrix $U$ to the PDG standard parameterization $ U^{0} = {\rm diag} ( e^{ - i \arg U_{e1} } \, , \, e^{ i \arg [ {U_{e2} U_{\tau 3} \over \det U…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-19 Masaki J. S. Yang

The neutrino mass matrix has remnant CP symmetry expressed in terms of the lepton mixing matrix, and vice versa the remnant CP transformations allow us to reconstruct the mixing matrix. We study the scenario that all the four remnant CP…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-10-07 Peng Chen , Chang-Yuan Yao , Gui-Jun Ding

In this letter, we construct an explicit rephasing transformation that converts an arbitrary unitary matrix into the Kobayashi--Maskawa (KM) parameterization and identify all independent CP phases in the mixing matrix as the arguments of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-11 Masaki J. S. Yang

In this paper, we explore rephasing invariant structures of the Dirac CP phase $\delta$ under an approximation $U^{e}_{13} = 0$, where the 1-3 element of the diagonalization of charged leptons $U^{e}$ is neglected. With the further…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-10 Masaki J. S. Yang

In this letter, we present rephasing invariant formulae $\delta^{(\alpha i)} = \arg [ { V_{\alpha 1} V_{\alpha 2} V_{\alpha 3} V_{1i} V_{2i} V_{3i} / V_{\alpha i }^{3} \det V } ] $ for CP phases $\delta^{(\alpha i)}$ associated with nine…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-16 Masaki J. S. Yang

The strategy of constraining the lepton flavor mixing from remnant CP symmetry is investigated in a rather general way. The neutrino mass matrix generally admits four remnant CP transformations which can be derived from the measured lepton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-05 Peng Chen , Cai-Chang Li , Gui-Jun Ding

We construct two flavor models based on $S_4$ family symmetry and generalised CP symmetry. In both models, the $S_4$ family symmetry is broken down to the $Z^{SU}_2$ subgroup in the neutrino sector, as a consequence, the trimaximal…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-02-19 Cai-Chang Li , Gui-Jun Ding

In this paper, we construct an explicit rephasing transformation that converts an arbitrary unitary mixing matrix into the Fritzsch--Xing (FX) parametrization, which is obtained by trivializing arguments of the matrix elements in the third…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-15 Masaki J. S. Yang

Generalised CP transformations are the only known framework which allows to predict Majorana phases in a flavour model purely from symmetry. For the first time generalised CP transformations are investigated for an infinite series of finite…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-19 Stephen F. King , Thomas Neder

We consider a class of models of neutrino mixing with $S_4$ flavour symmetry and generalised CP symmetry, broken to $Z_2$ and $Z_2 \times {\rm CP}$ residual symmetries in the charged lepton and neutrino sectors, respectively. In this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-03-30 J. T. Penedo , S. T. Petcov , A. V. Titov

It is shown that there exist nine different ways to describe the flavor mixing, in terms of three rotation angles and one CP-violating phase, within the standard electroweak theory of six quarks. For the assignment of the complex phase…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-12 H. Fritzsch , Z. Z. Xing

We examine quark flavour mixing matrices for three and four generations using the recursive parametrization of $U(n)$ and $SU(n)$ matrices developed by some of us in Refs.[2] and [3]. After a brief summary of the recursive parametrization,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-04-04 S. Chaturvedi , V. Gupta , G. Sánchez-Colón , N. Mukunda

We consider minimal modifications to tribimaximal (TBM) mixing matrix which accommodate non-zero mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ and CP violation. We derive four possible forms for the minimal modifications to TBM mixing in a model with $A_4$…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-04-16 Sin Kyu Kang , Morimitsu Tanimoto

Rephasing invariants of quark and lepton mixing matrices are obtained in the standard model extended by the seesaw mechanism, and in its low-energy effective theory with the dimension-five Majorana mass operator. We classify the basic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Elizabeth Jenkins , Aneesh V. Manohar

In this letter, we demonstrate that products of third-order rephasing invariants $V_{\alpha i} V_{\beta j} V_{\gamma k} / \det V$ of flavor mixing matrix $V$ reproduce all the nine angles of unitarity triangles and all the CP phases in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-28 Masaki J. S. Yang

We calculate the rephasing invariants of CP and T violation in a favorable parametrization of the 4x4 lepton flavor mixing matrix. Their relations with the CP- and T-violating asymmetries in neutrino oscillations are derived, and the matter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Wan-lei Guo , Zhi-zhong Xing

The premise of an organizing quadratic hierarchy rule in lepton-quark flavor physics was used earlier for explanation of the hierarchy patterns of four generic pairs of flavor quantities 1) charged-lepton and 2) neutrino deviations from…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-10-24 E. M. Lipmanov

We identified a set of four rephasing invariant parameters of the CKM matrix. They are found to exhibit hierarchies in powers of $\lambda^2$, from $\lambda^2$ to $\lambda^8$. It is shown that, at the present level of accuracy, only the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 T. K. Kuo , Lu-Xin Liu

We present a classification of possible parametrizations of the 3x3 lepton flavor mixing matrix in terms of the rotation and phase angles. A particular parametrization, which is most convenient to describe the observables of neutrino…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 Harald Fritzsch , Zhi-zhong Xing

The paper is devoted to a discussion of general properties of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix. First we propose a general method of a recursive construction of the CKM matrix for any number of generations. This allows to set up a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-02-13 Hilario Pérez , P. Kielanowski , S. R. Juárez W
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