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Large Language Models (LLMs) are able to improve their responses when instructed to do so, a capability known as self-correction. When instructions provide only the task's goal without specific details about potential issues in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Guangliang Liu , Haitao Mao , Bochuan Cao , Zhiyu Xue , Xitong Zhang , Rongrong Wang , Jiliang Tang , Kristen Johnson

Large language models (LLMs) have attracted significant attention for their exceptional abilities in various natural language processing tasks, but they suffer from hallucinations that will cause performance degradation. One promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Dancheng Liu , Amir Nassereldine , Ziming Yang , Chenhui Xu , Yuting Hu , Jiajie Li , Utkarsh Kumar , Changjae Lee , Ruiyang Qin , Yiyu Shi , Jinjun Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in various reasoning tasks, aided by techniques like chain-of-thought prompting that elicits verbalized reasoning. However, LLMs often generate text with obvious…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Zhihui Xie , Jizhou Guo , Tong Yu , Shuai Li

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance across diverse tasks but often struggle to accurately gauge their knowledge boundaries, leading to confident yet incorrect responses. This paper explores leveraging LLMs' internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Shiyu Ni , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Lulu Yu , Baolong Bi , Xueqi Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great potential in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, recent literature reveals that LLMs generate nonfactual responses intermittently, which impedes the LLMs' reliability for further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yukun Zhao , Lingyong Yan , Weiwei Sun , Guoliang Xing , Chong Meng , Shuaiqiang Wang , Zhicong Cheng , Zhaochun Ren , Dawei Yin

Can large language models detect and report their own internal states? A number of studies have argued that the answer to this question is yes. We argue, based on lessons from human metacognition research, that this conclusion may be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Shashwat Singh , Tal Linzen , Shauli Ravfogel

Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit deficient reasoning or generate hallucinations. To address these, studies prefixed with "Self-" such as Self-Consistency, Self-Improve, and Self-Refine have been initiated. They share a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Xun Liang , Shichao Song , Zifan Zheng , Hanyu Wang , Qingchen Yu , Xunkai Li , Rong-Hua Li , Yi Wang , Zhonghao Wang , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a groundbreaking technology with their unparalleled text generation capabilities across various applications. Nevertheless, concerns persist regarding the accuracy and appropriateness of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Jie Huang , Xinyun Chen , Swaroop Mishra , Huaixiu Steven Zheng , Adams Wei Yu , Xinying Song , Denny Zhou

Intrinsic self-correct was a method that instructed large language models (LLMs) to verify and correct their responses without external feedback. Unfortunately, the study concluded that the LLMs could not self-correct reasoning yet. We find…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Zhenyu Wu , Qingkai Zeng , Zhihan Zhang , Zhaoxuan Tan , Chao Shen , Meng Jiang

The hallucination problem of Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly limits their reliability and trustworthiness. Humans have a self-awareness process that allows us to recognize what we don't know when faced with queries. Inspired by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Ziwei Ji , Delong Chen , Etsuko Ishii , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Yejin Bang , Bryan Wilie , Pascale Fung

Large language models (LLMs) often expose useful signals of self-monitoring: before solving a problem, they can estimate whether they are likely to succeed, and after solving it, they can judge whether their answer is likely to be correct.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Qi Cao , Yufan Wang , Peijia Qin , Shuhao Zhang , Pengtao Xie

Large Language Models are increasingly used to build agents to perform more complex tasks. As LLMs perform more complicated reasoning through longer interactions, self-consistency, i.e., the idea that the answer obtained from sampling and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Naryeong Kim , Sungmin Kang , Gabin An , Shin Yoo

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit strong linguistic abilities while remaining unreliable on multi-step reasoning tasks, particularly when deployed without additional training or fine-tuning. In this work, we study inference-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Vinay Sharma , Manish Jain

We study self-rewarding reasoning large language models (LLMs), which can simultaneously generate step-by-step reasoning and evaluate the correctness of their outputs during the inference time-without external feedback. This integrated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Wei Xiong , Hanning Zhang , Chenlu Ye , Lichang Chen , Nan Jiang , Tong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) often produce confident yet incorrect answers, which can lead to risky failures in real-world applications. We study whether post-training can make a model's self-assessment explicit: when the model is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Junyu Guo , Shangding Gu , Ming Jin , Costas Spanos , Javad Lavaei

Logical reasoning has been an ongoing pursuit in the field of AI. Despite significant advancements made by large language models (LLMs), they still struggle with complex logical reasoning problems. To enhance reasoning performance, one…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ruixin Hong , Hongming Zhang , Xinyu Pang , Dong Yu , Changshui Zhang

Can large language models introspect, that is, accurately detect perturbations to their own internal states? We systematically investigate this question using activation steering in Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct. First, we show that the binary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ely Hahami , Ishaan Sinha , Lavik Jain , Josh Kaplan , Jon Hahami

Large language models (LLMs) have a wealth of knowledge that allows them to excel in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Current research focuses on enhancing their performance within their existing knowledge. Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Zhangyue Yin , Qiushi Sun , Qipeng Guo , Jiawen Wu , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across various tasks, yet they still exhibit limitations such as hallucination, unfaithful reasoning, and toxic content. One potential approach to mitigate these issues…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yuxuan Yao , Han Wu , Zhijiang Guo , Biyan Zhou , Jiahui Gao , Sichun Luo , Hanxu Hou , Xiaojin Fu , Linqi Song

Machine unlearning techniques aim to mitigate unintended memorization in large language models (LLMs). However, existing approaches predominantly focus on the explicit removal of isolated facts, often overlooking latent inferential…

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