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The deployment of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in safety-critical domains like autonomous driving (AD) is critically hindered by reliability failures, most notably object hallucination. This failure stems from their reliance on ungrounded,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Zhenguo Zhang , Haohan Zheng , Yishen Wang , Le Xu , Tianchen Deng , Xuefeng Chen , Qu Chen , Bo Zhang , Wuxiong Huang

Blended emotion recognition is challenging because emotions are often expressed as mixtures of subtle and overlapping multimodal cues rather than a single dominant signal. We propose a rank-aware multi-encoder framework that selectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Junghyun Lee , Hyunseo Kim , Hanna Jang , Junhyug Noh

Cross-subject brain-to-visual decoding remains a core challenge in brain-computer interfaces due to severe inter-individual variability that induces systematic subject-specific functional misalignment. To address this issue, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jiaxiang Liu , Jiawei Du , Xupeng Chen , Guoqi Li , Jiang Cai , Simon Fong , Mingkun Xu

The study of decoding visual neural information faces challenges in generalizing single-subject decoding models to multiple subjects, due to individual differences. Moreover, the limited availability of data from a single subject has a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Qiongyi Zhou , Changde Du , Shengpei Wang , Huiguang He

Decoding natural visual scenes from brain activity has flourished, with extensive research in single-subject tasks and, however, less in cross-subject tasks. Reconstructing high-quality images in cross-subject tasks is a challenging problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Zixuan Gong , Qi Zhang , Guangyin Bao , Lei Zhu , Ke Liu , Liang Hu , Duoqian Miao

Spatial reasoning from monocular images is essential for autonomous driving, yet current Vision-Language Models (VLMs) still struggle with fine-grained geometric perception, particularly under large scale variation and ambiguous object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yanchun Cheng , Rundong Wang , Xulei Yang , Alok Prakash , Daniela Rus , Marcelo H Ang , ShiJie Li

Understanding how humans process visual information is one of the crucial steps for unraveling the underlying mechanism of brain activity. Recently, this curiosity has motivated the fMRI-to-image reconstruction task; given the fMRI data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Jaehoon Joo , Taejin Jeong , Seongjae Hwang

We introduce a method that takes advantage of high-quality pretrained multimodal representations to explore fine-grained semantic networks in the human brain. Previous studies have documented evidence of functional localization in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Cory Efird , Alex Murphy , Joel Zylberberg , Alona Fyshe

Brain encoding and decoding aims to understand the relationship between external stimuli and brain activities, and is a fundamental problem in neuroscience. In this article, we study latent embedding alignment for brain encoding and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Shuoxun Xu , Zhanhao Yan , Lexin Li

The connection between brain activity and corresponding visual stimuli is crucial in comprehending the human brain. While deep generative models have exhibited advancement in recovering brain recordings by generating images conditioned on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xuelin Qian , Yikai Wang , Yanwei Fu , Xinwei Sun , Xiangyang Xue , Jianfeng Feng

Existing evaluation protocols for brain visual decoding predominantly rely on coarse metrics that obscure inter-model differences, lack neuroscientific foundation, and fail to capture fine-grained visual distinctions. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Weihao Xia , Cengiz Oztireli

Decoding brain imaging data are gaining popularity, with applications in brain-computer interfaces and the study of neural representations. Decoding is typicallysubject-specific and does not generalise well over subjects, due to high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Richard Csaky , Mats Van Es , Oiwi Parker Jones , Mark Woolrich

Establishing stable mappings between natural language expressions and visual percepts is a foundational problem for both cognitive science and artificial intelligence. Humans routinely ground linguistic reference in noisy, ambiguous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Joseph Bingham

Multimodal semantic communication has great potential to enhance downstream task performance by integrating complementary information across modalities. This paper introduces ProMSC-MIS, a novel Prompt-based Multimodal Semantic…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Haoshuo Zhang , Yufei Bo , Meixia Tao

This paper explores the development of a multimodal sentiment analysis model that integrates text, audio, and visual data to enhance sentiment classification. The goal is to improve emotion detection by capturing the complex interactions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Hui Lee , Singh Suniljit , Yong Siang Ong

Automatic segmentation of brain glioma from multimodal MRI scans plays a key role in clinical trials and practice. Unfortunately, manual segmentation is very challenging, time-consuming, costly, and often inaccurate despite human expertise…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-08 Minh H. Vu , Tufve Nyholm , Tommy Löfstedt

fMRI semantic category understanding using linguistic encoding models attempts to learn a forward mapping that relates stimuli to the corresponding brain activation. State-of-the-art encoding models use a single global model (linear or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Subba Reddy Oota , Naresh Manwani , Raju S. Bapi

We present the early-stage design and implementation of a multimodal, real-time communication analysis system intended as a foundational interaction layer for adaptive VR training. The system integrates five parallel processing streams: (1)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Birgit Nierula , Karam Tomotaki-Dawoud , Daniel Johannes Meyer , Iryna Ignatieva , Mina Mottahedin , Thomas Koch , Sebastian Bosse

Multivariate Pattern (MVP) classification holds enormous potential for decoding visual stimuli in the human brain by employing task-based fMRI data sets. There is a wide range of challenges in the MVP techniques, i.e. decreasing noise and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-28 Muhammad Yousefnezhad , Daoqiang Zhang

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities by integrating pre-trained vision encoders with large language models (LLMs). Similar to single-modal LLMs, chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting has been adapted for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shin'ya Yamaguchi , Kosuke Nishida , Daiki Chijiwa
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