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Spatio-temporal graph neural networks (STGNN) have become the most popular solution to traffic forecasting. While successful, they rely on the message passing scheme of GNNs to establish spatial dependencies between nodes, and thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Xu Liu , Yuxuan Liang , Chao Huang , Hengchang Hu , Yushi Cao , Bryan Hooi , Roger Zimmermann

Traffic flow prediction plays a crucial role in alleviating traffic congestion and enhancing transport efficiency. While combining graph convolution networks with recurrent neural networks for spatial-temporal modeling is a common strategy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Haiyang Liu , Chunjiang Zhu , Detian Zhang

Anomaly detection in continuous-time dynamic graphs is an emerging field yet under-explored in the context of learning algorithms. In this paper, we pioneer structured analyses of link-level anomalies and graph representation learning for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Tim Poštuvan , Claas Grohnfeldt , Michele Russo , Giulio Lovisotto

Travel time estimation is one of the core tasks for the development of intelligent transportation systems. Most previous works model the road segments or intersections separately by learning their spatio-temporal characteristics to estimate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Guangyin Jin , Huan Yan , Fuxian Li , Jincai Huang , Yong Li

Many real-world scenarios involving streaming information can be represented as temporal graphs, where data flows through dynamic changes in edges over time. Anomaly detection in this context has the objective of identifying unusual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Simone Mungari , Albert Bifet , Giuseppe Manco , Bernhard Pfahringer

In the realm of applications where data dynamically evolves across spatial and temporal dimensions, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are often complemented by sequence modeling architectures, such as RNNs and transformers, to effectively model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Osama Ahmad , Omer Abdul Jalil , Usman Nazir , Murtaza Taj

Space-time graph neural networks (ST-GNNs) are recently developed architectures that learn efficient graph representations of time-varying data. ST-GNNs are particularly useful in multi-agent systems, due to their stability properties and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Samar Hadou , Charilaos Kanatsoulis , Alejandro Ribeiro

Electricity theft, or non-technical loss (NTL), presents a persistent threat to global power systems, driving significant financial deficits and compromising grid stability. Conventional detection methodologies, predominantly reactive and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Adewale U. Oguntola , Olowookere A. AbdulQoyum , Adebukola M. Madehin , Adekemi A. Adetoro

Traffic forecasting is a core element of intelligent traffic monitoring system. Approaches based on graph neural networks have been widely used in this task to effectively capture spatial and temporal dependencies of road networks. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Yaobin Xu , Weitang Liu , Zhongyi Jiang , Zixuan Xu , Tingyun Mao , Lili Chen , Mingwei Zhou

Understanding and representing traffic patterns are key to detecting anomalous trajectories in the transportation domain. However, some trajectories can exhibit heterogeneous maneuvering characteristics despite confining to normal patterns.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Sandeep Kumar Singh , Jaya Shradha Fowdur , Jakob Gawlikowski , Daniel Medina

Spatial-temporal forecasting has attracted tremendous attention in a wide range of applications, and traffic flow prediction is a canonical and typical example. The complex and long-range spatial-temporal correlations of traffic flow bring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Zheng Fang , Qingqing Long , Guojie Song , Kunqing Xie

Anomaly detection is a challenging task, particularly in systems with many variables. Anomalies are outliers that statistically differ from the analyzed data and can arise from rare events, malfunctions, or system misuse. This study…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Kleyton da Costa

Predicting road traffic speed is a challenging task due to different types of roads, abrupt speed change and spatial dependencies between roads; it requires the modeling of dynamically changing spatial dependencies among roads and temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Cheonbok Park , Chunggi Lee , Hyojin Bahng , Yunwon Tae , Kihwan Kim , Seungmin Jin , Sungahn Ko , Jaegul Choo

Anomaly detection aims to distinguish abnormal instances that deviate significantly from the majority of benign ones. As instances that appear in the real world are naturally connected and can be represented with graphs, graph neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Sheng Tian , Jihai Dong , Jintang Li , Wenlong Zhao , Xiaolong Xu , Baokun wang , Bowen Song , Changhua Meng , Tianyi Zhang , Liang Chen

In many real-world applications involving static environments, the spatial layout of objects remains consistent across instances. However, state-of-the-art object detection models often fail to leverage this spatial prior, resulting in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Vishakha Lall , Yisi Liu

In smart mobility, large networks of geographically distributed sensors produce vast amounts of high-frequency spatio-temporal data that must be processed in real time to avoid major disruptions. Traditional centralized approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Ivan Kralj , Lodovico Giaretta , Gordan Ježić , Ivana Podnar Žarko , Šarūnas Girdzijauskas

Recent works have demonstrated the potential of Graph Neural Networks (GNN) for network intrusion detection. Despite their advantages, a significant gap persists between real-world scenarios, where detection speed is critical, and existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Louis Van Langendonck , Ismael Castell-Uroz , Pere Barlet-Ros

Anomaly detection is a critical task in cybersecurity, where identifying insider threats, access violations, and coordinated attacks is essential for ensuring system resilience. Graph-based approaches have become increasingly important for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Laura Jiang , Reza Ryan , Qian Li , Nasim Ferdosian

Spatial-temporal graph modeling is an important task to analyze the spatial relations and temporal trends of components in a system. Existing approaches mostly capture the spatial dependency on a fixed graph structure, assuming that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Zonghan Wu , Shirui Pan , Guodong Long , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

Existing Multivariate Time Series Anomaly Detection (MTSAD) frameworks increasingly rely on integrating Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with sequence models to capture complex spatio-temporal dependencies. However, less attention is paid to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Suofei Zhang , Yaxuan Zheng , Haifeng Hu