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In many critical Machine Learning applications, such as autonomous driving and medical image diagnosis, the detection of out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is as crucial as accurately classifying in-distribution (ID) inputs. Recently Outlier…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Lakpa D. Tamang , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Richard Dazeley , Sunil Aryal

Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) is a widely used concept in machine learning research which has gained popularity in recent years as a highly effective tool for comparing (finite-dimensional) distributions. Since it is designed as a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-03 Andrew Alden , Blanka Horvath , Zacharia Issa

The primary goal of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection tasks is to identify inputs with semantic shifts, i.e., if samples from novel classes are absent in the in-distribution (ID) dataset used for training, we should reject these OOD…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Xingming Long , Jie Zhang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

We study the problem of Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection, that is, detecting whether a learning algorithm's output can be trusted at inference time. While a number of tests for OOD detection have been proposed in prior work, a formal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-19 Akshayaa Magesh , Venugopal V. Veeravalli , Anirban Roy , Susmit Jha

In most common settings of Markov Decision Process (MDP), an agent evaluate a policy based on expectation of (discounted) sum of rewards. However in many applications this criterion might not be suitable from two perspective: first, in risk…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-11 Yan Li , Zhaohan Sun

One of the fundamental problems in machine learning is the estimation of a probability distribution from data. Many techniques have been proposed to study the structure of data, most often building around the assumption that observations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-02-22 Oren Rippel , Ryan Prescott Adams

Rank correlations have found many innovative applications in the last decade. In particular, suitable rank correlations have been used for consistent tests of independence between pairs of random variables. Using ranks is especially…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Hongjian Shi , Marc Hallin , Mathias Drton , Fang Han

We develop a new method for multivariate scalar on multidimensional distribution regression. Traditional approaches typically analyze isolated univariate scalar outcomes or consider unidimensional distributional representations as…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-17 Rahul Ghosal , Marcos Matabuena

This paper studies a risk minimization problem with decision dependent data distribution. The problem pertains to the performative prediction setting in which a trained model can affect the outcome estimated by the model. Such dependency…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-07 Qiang Li , Hoi-To Wai

We derive novel concentration inequalities that bound the statistical error for a large class of stochastic optimization problems, focusing on the case of unbounded objective functions. Our derivations utilize the following key tools: 1) A…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-01 Jeremiah Birrell

Ranking or assessing centrality in multivariate and non-Euclidean data is difficult because there is no canonical order and many depth notions become computationally fragile in high-dimensional or structured settings. We introduce a…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-24 Lingfeng Lyu , Doudou Zhou

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is an important algorithm in machine learning. With constant learning rates, it is a stochastic process that, after an initial phase of convergence, generates samples from a stationary distribution. We show…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-12 Stephan Mandt , Matthew D. Hoffman , David M. Blei

We propose a stochastic approximation (SA) based method with randomization of samples for policy evaluation using the least squares temporal difference (LSTD) algorithm. Our proposed scheme is equivalent to running regular temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-27 L. A. Prashanth , Nathaniel Korda , Rémi Munos

The Poisson multinomial distribution (PMD) describes the distribution of the sum of $n$ independent but non-identically distributed random vectors, in which each random vector is of length $m$ with 0/1 valued elements and only one of its…

Computation · Statistics 2022-01-13 Zhengzhi Lin , Yueyao Wang , Yili Hong

In this paper, we study a class of multiscale McKean-Vlasov stochastic systems where the entire system depends on the distribution of the fast component. First of all, by the Poisson equation method we prove that the slow component…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Jie Xiang , Huijie Qiao

Real-world machine learning applications often face simultaneous covariate and semantic shifts, challenging traditional domain generalization and out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods. We introduce Meta-learned Across Domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Haoliang Wang , Chen Zhao , Feng Chen

This paper addresses the study of novel constructions of variational analysis and generalized differentiation that are appropriate for characterizing robust stability properties of constrained set-valued mappings/multifunctions between…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-11 Boris S. Mordukhovich , Pengcheng Wu , Xiaoqi Yang

Statistical depths provide a fundamental generalization of quantiles and medians to data in higher dimensions. This paper proposes a new type of globally defined statistical depth, based upon control theory and eikonal equations, which…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-17 Martin Molina-Fructuoso , Ryan Murray

Existing out-of-distribution (OOD) detection literature clearly defines semantic shift as a sign of OOD but does not have a consensus over covariate shift. Samples experiencing covariate shift but not semantic shift are either excluded from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Jingkang Yang , Kaiyang Zhou , Ziwei Liu

We consider an analysis of variance type problem, where the sample observations are random elements in an infinite dimensional space. This scenario covers the case, where the observations are random functions. For such a problem, we propose…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-26 Joydeep Chowdhury , Probal Chaudhuri
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