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At the boundary between the known and the unknown, an agent inevitably confronts the dilemma of whether to explore or to exploit. Epistemic uncertainty reflects such boundaries, representing systematic uncertainty due to limited knowledge.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jianfei Ma , Wee Sun Lee

In high energy physics, self-supervised learning (SSL) methods have the potential to aid in the creation of machine learning models without the need for labeled datasets for a variety of tasks, including those related to jets -- narrow…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-13 Subash Katel , Haoyang Li , Zihan Zhao , Raghav Kansal , Farouk Mokhtar , Javier Duarte

Various methods in statistical learning build on kernels considered in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. In applications, the kernel is often selected based on characteristics of the problem and the data. This kernel is then employed to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-12 Paul Dommel , Alois Pichler

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have received considerable recent attention as tools for mechanistic interpretability, showing success at extracting interpretable features even from very large LLMs. However, this research has been largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jeremy Budd , Javier Ideami , Benjamin Macdowall Rynne , Keith Duggar , Randall Balestriero

Bregman proximal point algorithm (BPPA) has witnessed emerging machine learning applications, yet its theoretical understanding has been largely unexplored. We study the computational properties of BPPA through learning linear classifiers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Yan Li , Caleb Ju , Ethan X. Fang , Tuo Zhao

We consider the problem of learning a set from random samples. We show how relevant geometric and topological properties of a set can be studied analytically using concepts from the theory of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. A new kind of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-26 Ernesto De Vito , Lorenzo Rosasco , Alessandro Toigo

We study the worst case error of kernel density estimates via subset approximation. A kernel density estimate of a distribution is the convolution of that distribution with a fixed kernel (e.g. Gaussian kernel). Given a subset (i.e. a point…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-04-05 Jeff M. Phillips

Established methods for unsupervised representation learning such as variational autoencoders produce none or poorly calibrated uncertainty estimates making it difficult to evaluate if learned representations are stable and reliable. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Marco Miani , Frederik Warburg , Pablo Moreno-Muñoz , Nicke Skafte Detlefsen , Søren Hauberg

We give a universal kernel that renders all the regular languages linearly separable. We are not able to compute this kernel efficiently and conjecture that it is intractable, but we do have an efficient $\eps$-approximation.

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-12-07 Leonid , Kontorovich

Regularized pairwise ranking with Gaussian kernels is one of the cutting-edge learning algorithms. Despite a wide range of applications, a rigorous theoretical demonstration still lacks to support the performance of such ranking estimators.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-07 Guanhang Lei , Lei Shi

Kernel segmentation aims at partitioning a data sequence into several non-overlapping segments that may have nonlinear and complex structures. In general, it is formulated as a discrete optimization problem with combinatorial constraints. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Tung Doan , Atsuhiro Takasu

In many real-world problems, there is a limited set of training data, but an abundance of unlabeled data. We propose a new method, Generative Posterior Networks (GPNs), that uses unlabeled data to estimate epistemic uncertainty in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Melrose Roderick , Felix Berkenkamp , Fatemeh Sheikholeslami , Zico Kolter

We present EB-JEPA, an open-source library for learning representations and world models using Joint-Embedding Predictive Architectures (JEPAs). JEPAs learn to predict in representation space rather than pixel space, avoiding the pitfalls…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Basile Terver , Randall Balestriero , Megi Dervishi , David Fan , Quentin Garrido , Tushar Nagarajan , Koustuv Sinha , Wancong Zhang , Mike Rabbat , Yann LeCun , Amir Bar

Modern deep neural networks achieved remarkable progress in medical image segmentation tasks. However, it has recently been observed that they tend to produce overconfident estimates, even in situations of high uncertainty, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Agostina Larrazabal , Cesar Martinez , Jose Dolz , Enzo Ferrante

Prototypical self-supervised learning methods consistently suffer from partial prototype collapse, where multiple prototypes converge to nearly identical representations. This undermines their central purpose -- providing diverse and…

Latent prediction--where agents learn by predicting their own latents--has emerged as a powerful paradigm for training general representations in machine learning. In reinforcement learning (RL), this approach has been explored to define…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Marco Bagatella , Matteo Pirotta , Ahmed Touati , Alessandro Lazaric , Andrea Tirinzoni

We study distributed learning with the least squares regularization scheme in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). By a divide-and-conquer approach, the algorithm partitions a data set into disjoint data subsets, applies the least…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Shao-Bo Lin , Xin Guo , Ding-Xuan Zhou

In this paper, we consider sampling and reconstruction of signals in a reproducing kernel subspace of $L^p(\Rd), 1\le p\le \infty$, associated with an idempotent integral operator whose kernel has certain off-diagonal decay and regularity.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-08-26 M. Zuhair Nashed , Qiyu Sun

Multivariate time series underpin modern critical infrastructure, making the prediction of anomalies a vital necessity for proactive risk mitigation. While Joint-Embedding Predictive Architectures (JEPA) offer a promising framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yanan He , Yunshi Wen , Xin Wang , Tengfei Ma

Unsupervised and self-supervised representation learning has become popular in recent years for learning useful features from unlabelled data. Representation learning has been mostly developed in the neural network literature, and other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Pascal Esser , Maximilian Fleissner , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar