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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are a promising paradigm for generalist robotic manipulation by grounding high-level semantic instructions into executable physical actions. However, prevailing approaches typically adopt a monolithic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yifei Wei , Linqing Zhong , Yi Liu , Yuxiang Lu , Xindong He , Maoqing Yao , Guanghui Ren

We present a low-cost legged mobile manipulation system that solves long-horizon real-world tasks, trained by reinforcement learning purely in simulation. This system is made possible by 1) a hierarchical design of a high-level policy for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Haichao Zhang , Haonan Yu , Le Zhao , Andrew Choi , Qinxun Bai , Break Yang , Wei Xu

Vision-based policies for robot manipulation have achieved significant recent success, but are still brittle to distribution shifts such as camera viewpoint variations. Robot demonstration data is scarce and often lacks appropriate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jeremiah Coholich , Justin Wit , Robert Azarcon , Zsolt Kira

Robot learning requires a considerable amount of high-quality data to realize the promise of generalization. However, large data sets are costly to collect in the real world. Physics simulators can cheaply generate vast data sets with broad…

Contact-rich manipulation tasks often exhibit a large sim-to-real gap. For instance, industrial assembly tasks frequently involve tight insertions where the clearance is less than 0.1 mm and can even be negative when dealing with a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Xiang Zhang , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Hui Li

Learning-based robotic systems demand rigorous validation to assure reliable performance, but extensive real-world testing is often prohibitively expensive, and if conducted may still yield insufficient data for high-confidence guarantees.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Rachel Luo , Heng Yang , Michael Watson , Apoorva Sharma , Sushant Veer , Edward Schmerling , Marco Pavone

Learning visuomotor policies for Autonomous Aerial Vehicles (AAVs) relying solely on monocular vision is an attractive yet highly challenging paradigm. Existing end-to-end learning approaches directly map high-dimensional RGB observations…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yuhang Zhang , Mingsheng Li , Yujing Shang , Zhuoyuan Yu , Chao Yan , Jiaping Xiao , Mir Feroskhan

Robotic manipulation requires sophisticated commonsense reasoning, a capability naturally possessed by large-scale Vision-Language Models (VLMs). While VLMs show promise as zero-shot planners, their lack of grounded physical understanding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Emily Yue-Ting Jia , Weiduo Yuan , Tianheng Shi , Vitor Guizilini , Jiageng Mao , Yue Wang

Simulation provides a cost-effective and flexible platform for data generation and policy learning to develop robotic systems. However, bridging the gap between simulation and real-world dynamics remains a significant challenge, especially…

We propose a model-free deep reinforcement learning method that leverages a small amount of demonstration data to assist a reinforcement learning agent. We apply this approach to robotic manipulation tasks and train end-to-end visuomotor…

Simulations are attractive environments for training agents as they provide an abundant source of data and alleviate certain safety concerns during the training process. But the behaviours developed by agents in simulation are often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Xue Bin Peng , Marcin Andrychowicz , Wojciech Zaremba , Pieter Abbeel

Safety and cost are two important concerns for the development of autonomous driving technologies. From the academic research to commercial applications of autonomous driving vehicles, sufficient simulation and real world testing are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Xuemin Hu , Shen Li , Tingyu Huang , Bo Tang , Rouxing Huai , Long Chen

Deep reinforcement learning provides a promising approach for vision-based control of real-world robots. However, the generalization of such models depends critically on the quantity and variety of data available for training. This data can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Katie Kang , Suneel Belkhale , Gregory Kahn , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine

Developing high-fidelity, interactive digital twins is crucial for enabling closed-loop motion planning and reliable real-world robot execution, which are essential to advancing sim-to-real transfer. However, existing approaches often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ziyang Sun , Lingfan Bao , Tianhu Peng , Jingcheng Sun , Chengxu Zhou

Vision Language Action (VLA) models derive their generalization capability from diverse training data, yet collecting embodied robot interaction data remains prohibitively expensive. In contrast, human demonstration videos are far more…

Despite strong generalization capabilities, Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models remain constrained by the high cost of expert demonstrations and limited real-world interaction. While online reinforcement learning (RL) has shown promise, its…

The intrinsic dynamics of an object governs its physical behavior in the real world, playing a critical role in enabling physically plausible interactive simulation with 3D assets. Existing methods have attempted to infer the intrinsic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jiajing Lin , Shu Jiang , Qingyuan Zeng , Zhenzhong Wang , Min Jiang

A significant challenge for robot learning research is our ability to accurately measure and compare the performance of robot policies. Benchmarking in robotics is historically challenging due to the stochasticity, reproducibility, and…

Generalist robot manipulators need to learn a wide variety of manipulation skills across diverse environments. Current robot training pipelines rely on humans to provide kinesthetic demonstrations or to program simulation environments and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Pushkal Katara , Zhou Xian , Katerina Fragkiadaki

Creating accurate, physical simulations directly from real-world robot motion holds great value for safe, scalable, and affordable robot learning, yet remains exceptionally challenging. Real robot data suffers from occlusions, noisy camera…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ben Moran , Mauro Comi , Arunkumar Byravan , Steven Bohez , Tom Erez , Zhibin Li , Leonard Hasenclever