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A platform trial is an innovative clinical trial design that uses a master protocol to evaluate multiple treatments, where patients are often assigned to different subsets of treatment arms based on individual characteristics, enrollment…
In this paper, we address the issue of estimating and inferring distributional treatment effects in randomized experiments. The distributional treatment effect provides a more comprehensive understanding of treatment heterogeneity compared…
This paper derives the rate of convergence and asymptotic distribution for a class of Kolmogorov-Smirnov style test statistics for conditional moment inequality models for parameters on the boundary of the identified set under general…
This paper studies the identification of causal effects of a continuous treatment using a new difference-in-difference strategy. Our approach allows for endogeneity of the treatment, and employs repeated cross-sections. It requires an…
In observational studies, treatments are typically not randomized and therefore estimated treatment effects may be subject to confounding bias. The instrumental variable (IV) design plays the role of a quasi-experimental handle since the IV…
Contextual sensing and delivery of digital interventions to improve health outcomes have gained significant traction in behavioral and psychiatric studies. Micro-randomized trials (MRTs) are a common experimental design for obtaining…
This paper addresses a design procedure of pulse-modulated feedback control solving a dosing problem defined for implementation in a manual mode. Discrete dosing, as a control strategy, is characterized by exerting control action on the…
Opioids are the preferred medications for the treatment of pain in the intensive care unit. While undertreatment leads to unrelieved pain and poor clinical outcomes, excessive use of opioids puts patients at risk of experiencing multiple…
With X-ray radiation protection and dose management constantly gaining interest in interventional radiology, novel procedures often undergo prospective dose studies using anthropomorphic phantoms to determine expected dose values. Due to…
Inferring causal effects of continuous-valued treatments from observational data is a crucial task promising to better inform policy- and decision-makers. A critical assumption needed to identify these effects is that all confounding…
Randomized clinical trials typically aim to estimate a marginal treatment effect. While covariate adjustment can improve precision, it may change the estimand in nonlinear models due to noncollapsibility, leading to conditional rather than…
This study introduces a novel framework for enhancing domain generalization in medical imaging, specifically focusing on utilizing unlabelled multi-view colour fundus photographs. Unlike traditional approaches that rely on single-view…
Understanding treatment effect heterogeneity is vital to many scientific fields because the same treatment may affect different individuals differently. Quantile regression provides a natural framework for modeling such heterogeneity. We…
This project was motivated by a dialysis study in northern Taiwan. Dialysis patients, after shunt implantation, may experience two types ("acute" or "non-acute") of shunt thrombosis, both of which may recur. We formulate the problem under…
This research was motivated by studying anti-drug antibody (ADA) formation and its potential impact on long-term benefit of a biologic treatment in a randomized controlled trial, in which ADA status was not only unobserved in the control…
Over the years, the paradigm of medical image analysis has shifted from manual expertise to automated systems, often using deep learning (DL) systems. The performance of deep learning algorithms is highly dependent on data quality.…
Medical researchers and practitioners want to know if supplementing opioid treatments with other analgesics, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can reduce opioid consumption. However, quantifying opioid-sparing effects…
Ultra-high dose rate electron sources require dose rate independent dosimeters and a calibrated dose control system for accurate delivery. In this study, we developed a single-pulse dose monitoring and a real-time dose-based control system…
Background: Medication review is a structured interview of the patient, performed by the pharmacist and aimed at optimizing drug treatments. In practice, medication review is a long and cognitively-demanding task that requires specific…
In medical treatment and elsewhere, it has become standard to base treatment intensity (dosage) on evidence in randomized trials. Yet it has been rare to study how outcomes vary with dosage. In trials to obtain drug approval, the norm has…