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Recently, Transformer based models have shown competitive automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance. One key factor in the success of these models is the multi-head attention mechanism. However, for trained models, we have previously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Shucong Zhang , Erfan Loweimi , Peter Bell , Steve Renals

The recently proposed self-attentive pooling (SAP) has shown good performance in several speaker recognition systems. In SAP systems, the context vector is trained end-to-end together with the feature extractor, where the role of context…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Seong Min Kye , Joon Son Chung , Hoirin Kim

Transformer encoders are widely deployed in large-scale web services for natural language understanding tasks such as text classification, semantic retrieval, and content ranking. However, their high inference latency and memory consumption…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Zeli Su , Ziyin Zhang , Wenzheng Zhang , Zhou Liu , Guixian Xu , Wentao Zhang

Transformer plays a central role in many fundamental deep learning models, e.g., the ViT in computer vision and the BERT and GPT in natural language processing, whose effectiveness is mainly attributed to its multi-head attention (MHA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Shen Yuan , Hongteng Xu

Self-supervised speech representation learning (SSL) has shown to be effective in various downstream tasks, but SSL models are usually large and slow. Model compression techniques such as pruning aim to reduce the model size and computation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Yifan Peng , Kwangyoun Kim , Felix Wu , Prashant Sridhar , Shinji Watanabe

Transformer-based models have become the state of the art across multiple domains, from natural language processing to machine listening, thanks to the attention mechanisms. However, the attention layers require a large number of parameters…

Multi-task language models show outstanding performance for various natural language understanding tasks with only a single model. However, these language models utilize an unnecessarily large number of model parameters, even when used only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Nakyeong Yang , Yunah Jang , Hwanhee Lee , Seohyeong Jung , Kyomin Jung

The integration of syntactic structures into Transformer machine translation has shown positive results, but to our knowledge, no work has attempted to do so with semantic structures. In this work we propose two novel parameter-free methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Aviv Slobodkin , Leshem Choshen , Omri Abend

The recently proposed Forgetting Transformer (FoX) incorporates a forget gate into softmax attention and has shown consistently better or on-par performance compared to the standard RoPE-based Transformer. Notably, many attention heads in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Zhixuan Lin , Johan Obando-Ceron , Xu Owen He , Aaron Courville

Recently, large pre-trained neural language models have attained remarkable performance on many downstream natural language processing (NLP) applications via fine-tuning. In this paper, we target at how to further improve the token…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Mengyuan Zhou , Jian Ma , Haiqin Yang , Lianxin Jiang , Yang Mo

Transformer-based speech recognition models have achieved great success due to the self-attention (SA) mechanism that utilizes every frame in the feature extraction process. Especially, SA heads in lower layers capture various phonetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Kyuhong Shim , Wonyong Sung

Understanding human language is one of the key themes of artificial intelligence. For language representation, the capacity of effectively modeling the linguistic knowledge from the detail-riddled and lengthy texts and getting rid of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Zhuosheng Zhang , Yuwei Wu , Junru Zhou , Sufeng Duan , Hai Zhao , Rui Wang

In this paper, we introduce an enhanced textual adversarial attack method, known as Saliency Attention and Semantic Similarity driven adversarial Perturbation (SASSP). The proposed scheme is designed to improve the effectiveness of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Hetvi Waghela , Jaydip Sen , Sneha Rakshit

The continual learning (CL) ability is vital for deploying large language models (LLMs) in the dynamic world. Existing methods devise the learning module to acquire task-specific knowledge with parameter-efficient tuning (PET) block and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Weixiang Zhao , Shilong Wang , Yulin Hu , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Xuanyu Zhang , Qing Yang , Dongliang Xu , Wanxiang Che

In modern large language models (LLMs), increasing the context length is crucial for improving comprehension and coherence in long-context, multi-modal, and retrieval-augmented language generation. While many recent transformer models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Heejun Lee , Geon Park , Youngwan Lee , Jaduk Suh , Jina Kim , Wonyoung Jeong , Bumsik Kim , Hyemin Lee , Myeongjae Jeon , Sung Ju Hwang

The attention mechanism is becoming increasingly popular in Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, showing superior performance than convolutional and recurrent architectures. However, attention becomes the compution bottleneck…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Hanrui Wang , Zhekai Zhang , Song Han

Transformer-based models have achieved dominant performance in numerous NLP tasks. Despite their remarkable successes, pre-trained transformers such as BERT suffer from a computationally expensive self-attention mechanism that interacts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jungmin Yun , Mihyeon Kim , Youngbin Kim

Transformer-based models have demonstrated considerable potential for source code modeling tasks in software engineering. However, they are limited by their dependence solely on automatic self-attention weight learning mechanisms. Previous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Jiri Gesi , Iftekhar Ahmed

Transformer-based models have been widely adopted for sentiment analysis tasks due to their exceptional ability to capture contextual information. However, these methods often exhibit suboptimal accuracy in certain scenarios. By analyzing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yawei Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown immense potential in enhancing various aspects of our daily lives, from conversational AI to search and AI assistants. However, their growing capabilities come at the cost of extremely large model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Yingyu Liang , Jiangxuan Long , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Yufa Zhou