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A rigorous formalization of desired system requirements is indispensable when performing any verification task. This often limits the application of verification techniques, as writing formal specifications is an error-prone and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Matthias Cosler , Christopher Hahn , Daniel Mendoza , Frederik Schmitt , Caroline Trippel

Large Language Models (LLMs) enable dynamic game interactions but fail to follow essential procedural flows in rule-governed trading systems, eroding player trust. This work resolves the core tension between the creative flexibility of LLMs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Minkyung Kim , Junsik Kim , Woongcheol Yang , Sangdon Park , Sohee Bae

The research in AI-based formal mathematical reasoning has shown an unstoppable growth trend. These studies have excelled in mathematical competitions like IMO and have made significant progress. This paper focuses on formal verification,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jialun Cao , Yaojie Lu , Meiziniu Li , Haoyang Ma , Haokun Li , Mengda He , Cheng Wen , Le Sun , Hongyu Zhang , Shengchao Qin , Shing-Chi Cheung , Cong Tian

Despite the transformative potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in hardware design, a comprehensive evaluation of their capabilities in design verification remains underexplored. Current efforts predominantly focus on RTL generation…

Reliably ensuring Large Language Models (LLMs) follow complex instructions is a critical challenge, as existing benchmarks often fail to reflect real-world use or isolate compliance from task success. We introduce MOSAIC (MOdular Synthetic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Alberto Purpura , Li Wang , Sahil Badyal , Eugenio Beaufrand , Adam Faulkner

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a formal language for specifying real-time behaviors of cyber-physical systems (CPS). Automatically transforming natural language requirements into STL specifications has received growing attention. Recent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yue Fang , Zhi Jin , Jie An , Hongshen Chen , Xiaohong Chen , Naijun Zhan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to automate programming tasks. Yet, LLMs' capabilities in reasoning about program semantics are still inadequately studied, leaving significant potential for further exploration. This…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Thanh Le-Cong , Bach Le , Toby Murray

Human-robot collaboration in industrial settings requires precise and reliable communication to enhance operational efficiency. While Large Language Models (LLMs) understand general language, they often lack the domain-specific rigidity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xinyun Huo , Raghav Gnanasambandam , Xinyao Zhang

Prompt injection and jailbreaking attacks pose persistent security challenges to large language model (LLM)-based systems. We present PromptScreen, an efficient and systematically evaluated defense architecture that mitigates these threats…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Akshaj Prashanth Rao , Advait Singh , Saumya Kumaar Saksena , Dhruv Kumar

Due to their architecture and vast pre-training data, large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong text classification performance. However, LLM output - here, the category assigned to a text - depends heavily on the wording of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Kylie L. Anglin , Stephanie Milan , Brittney Hernandez , Claudia Ventura

Traditional control system design, reliant on expert knowledge and precise models, struggles with complex, nonlinear, or uncertain dynamics. This paper introduces AgenticControl, a novel multi-agent framework that automates controller…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Mohammad Narimani , Seyyed Ali Emami

Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools are critical to software quality, identifying potential code issues early in development. However, they often produce false positive warnings that require manual review, slowing down…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jinbao Chen , Hongjing Xiang , Zuohong Zhao , Luhao Li , Yu Zhang , Boyao Ding , Qingwei Li , Songyuan Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their remarkable compatibility with Hardware Description Language (HDL) design. In this paper, we examine the performance of three major LLMs, Claude…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Qun-Kai Lin , Cheng Hsu , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Prior work has combined chain-of-thought prompting in large language models (LLMs) with programmatic representations to perform effective and transparent reasoning. While such an approach works well for tasks that only require forward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Xi Ye , Qiaochu Chen , Isil Dillig , Greg Durrett

Large Language Models (LLMs) with chain-of-thought (COT) prompting have demonstrated impressive abilities on simple nature language inference tasks. However, they tend to perform poorly on Multi-hop Question Answering (MHQA) tasks due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Xiaochen Wang , Junqing He , Zhe yang , Yiru Wang , Xiangdi Meng , Kunhao Pan , Zhifang Sui

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) in code generation, their applications in hardware design are receiving growing attention. However, existing LLMs face several challenges when generating Verilog code for finite…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Qiuming Luo , Yanming Lei , Kunzhong Wu , Yixuan Cao , Chengjian Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents, expected to decompose goals, invoke tools, and verify results in dynamic environments. Realizing these capabilities requires access to agentic data-structured interaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Abhigya Verma , Seganrasan Subramanian , Nandhakumar Kandasamy , Naman Gupta

This study introduces a hybrid neuro-symbolic framework that achieves deterministic detection of statutory inconsistency in complex law. We use the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (IRC) as a case study because its complexity makes it a fertile…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Borchuluun Yadamsuren , Steven Keith Platt , Miguel Diaz

As LLM-based agents increasingly operate in high-stakes domains with real-world consequences, ensuring their behavioral safety becomes paramount. The dominant oversight paradigm, LLM-as-a-Judge, faces a fundamental dilemma: how can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jiayi Zhou , Yang Sheng , Hantao Lou , Yaodong Yang , Jie Fu

Deploying large language model (LLM)-driven conversational agents in enterprise settings requires prompts that are simultaneously correct at launch and resilient to the non-deterministic behavioral drift that characterizes production LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Keshava Chaitanya , Jahnavi Gundakaram