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Vision Language Models (VLMs) play a crucial role in robotic manipulation by enabling robots to understand and interpret the visual properties of objects and their surroundings, allowing them to perform manipulation based on this multimodal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Nurhan Bulus Guran , Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng , Xianghua Xie

Evaluating robot control policies is difficult: real-world testing is costly, and handcrafted simulators require manual effort to improve in realism and generality. We propose a world-model-based policy evaluation environment (WorldGym), an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Julian Quevedo , Ansh Kumar Sharma , Yixiang Sun , Varad Suryavanshi , Percy Liang , Sherry Yang

Trained on internet-scale video data, generative world models are increasingly recognized as powerful world simulators that can generate consistent and plausible dynamics over structure, motion, and physics. This raises a natural question:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Kevin Zhang , Kuangzhi Ge , Xiaowei Chi , Renrui Zhang , Shaojun Shi , Zhen Dong , Sirui Han , Shanghang Zhang

Robots in the real world need to perceive and move to goals in complex environments without collisions. Avoiding collisions is especially difficult when relying on sensor perception and when goals are among clutter. Diffusion policies and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Mohit Sharma , Adam Fishman , Vikash Kumar , Chris Paxton , Oliver Kroemer

Many data-driven decision problems are formulated using a nominal distribution estimated from historical data, while performance is ultimately determined by a deployment distribution that may be shifted, context-dependent, partially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xiuyuan Cheng , Yunqin Zhu , Yao Xie

Recent advances in FlowMatching-based Vision-Language-Action (VLA) frameworks have demonstrated remarkable advantages in generating high-frequency action chunks, particularly for highly dexterous robotic manipulation tasks. Despite these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yang Chen , Xiaoguang Ma , Bin Zhao

In this work, we propose a novel approach, namely WeatherDG, that can generate realistic, weather-diverse, and driving-screen images based on the cooperation of two foundation models, i.e, Stable Diffusion (SD) and Large Language Model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Chenghao Qian , Yuhu Guo , Yuhong Mo , Wenjing Li

Traditional control and planning for robotic manipulation heavily rely on precise physical models and predefined action sequences. While effective in structured environments, such approaches often fail in real-world scenarios due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jin Wang , Weijie Wang , Boyuan Deng , Heng Zhang , Rui Dai , Nikos Tsagarakis

Vision-Language Models (VLM) can generate plausible high-level plans when prompted with a goal, the context, an image of the scene, and any planning constraints. However, there is no guarantee that the predicted actions are geometrically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Zhutian Yang , Caelan Garrett , Dieter Fox , Tomás Lozano-Pérez , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently made significant advance in multi-task, end-to-end robotic control, due to the strong generalization capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs). A fundamental challenge in developing such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yuqing Wen , Kefan Gu , Haoxuan Liu , Yucheng Zhao , Tiancai Wang , Haoqiang Fan , Xiaoyan Sun

Vision-language-action (VLA) models that directly predict multi-step action chunks from current observations face inherent limitations due to constrained scene understanding and weak future anticipation capabilities. In contrast, video…

The performance of text-to-image diffusion models may be improved at test-time by scaling computation to search for a generated image that maximizes a given reward function. While existing trajectory level exploration methods improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Qingtao Yu , Changlin Song , Minghao Sun , Zhengyang Yu , Vinay Kumar Verma , Soumya Roy , Sumit Negi , Hongdong Li , Dylan Campbell

Large foundation models have shown strong open-world generalization to complex problems in vision and language, but similar levels of generalization have yet to be achieved in robotics. One fundamental challenge is the lack of robotic data,…

Automated agent workflows can enhance the problem-solving ability of large language models (LLMs), but common search strategies rely on stochastic exploration and often traverse implausible branches. This occurs because current pipelines…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Qitong Fang , Haotian Li , Xu Wang

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks agents with locating specific objects in unseen environments using natural language instructions and visual cues. Many existing VLN approaches typically follow an 'observe-and-reason' schema, that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yanjia Huang , Mingyang Wu , Renjie Li , Zhengzhong Tu

This work highlights that video world modeling, alongside vision-language pre-training, establishes a fresh and independent foundation for robot learning. Intuitively, video world models provide the ability to imagine the near future by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lin Li , Qihang Zhang , Yiming Luo , Shuai Yang , Ruilin Wang , Fei Han , Mingrui Yu , Zelin Gao , Nan Xue , Xing Zhu , Yujun Shen , Yinghao Xu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models advance robotic control via strong visual-linguistic priors. However, existing VLAs predominantly frame pretraining as supervised behavior cloning, overlooking the fundamental nature of robot learning as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yang Zhang , Jiangyuan Zhao , Chenyou Fan , Fangzheng Yan , Tian Li , Haitong Tang , Sen Fu , Xuan'er Wu , Qizhen Weng , Weinan Zhang , Xiu Li , Chi Zhang , Chenjia Bai , Xuelong Li

Efficiently predicting motion plans directly from vision remains a fundamental challenge in robotics, where planning typically requires explicit goal specification and task-specific design. Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models infer…

The Synthetic Theater Operations Research Model (STORM) simulates theater-level conflict and requires inputs about utilization of surveillance satellites to search large geographical areas. We develop a mixed-integer linear optimization…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-21 Steven M. Warner , Johannes O. Royset

Emerging generative world models and vision-language-action (VLA) systems are rapidly reshaping automated driving by enabling scalable simulation, long-horizon forecasting, and capability-rich decision making. Across these directions,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Rongxiang Zeng , Yongqi Dong
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