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The evolution of prompt learning methodologies has driven exploration of deeper prompt designs to enhance model performance. However, current deep text prompting approaches suffer from two critical limitations: Over-reliance on constrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Qiqi Zhan , Shiwei Li , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang

Recently, prompt learning has garnered considerable attention for its success in various Vision-Language (VL) tasks. However, existing prompt-based models are primarily focused on studying prompt generation and prompt strategies with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Ruiting Dai , Yuqiao Tan , Lisi Mo , Tao He , Ke Qin , Shuang Liang

Recent progress in deterministic prompt learning has become a promising alternative to various downstream vision tasks, enabling models to learn powerful visual representations with the help of pre-trained vision-language models. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Hyeongjun Kwon , Taeyong Song , Somi Jeong , Jin Kim , Jinhyun Jang , Kwanghoon Sohn

Pretrained large-scale vision-language models such as CLIP have demonstrated excellent generalizability over a series of downstream tasks. However, they are sensitive to the variation of input text prompts and need a selection of prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Lianyu Hu , Liqing Gao , Zekang Liu , Chi-Man Pun , Wei Feng

Prompt tuning has emerged as a lightweight strategy for adapting foundation models to downstream tasks, particularly for resource-constrained systems. As pre-trained prompts become valuable assets, combining multiple source prompts offers a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Enming Zhang , Liwen Cao , Yanru Wu , Zijie Zhao , Yang Li

Vision-language models (VLMs) can learn high-quality representations from a large-scale training dataset of image-text pairs. Prompt learning is a popular approach to fine-tuning VLM to adapt them to downstream tasks. Despite the satisfying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zhifang Zhang , Yuwei Niu , Xin Liu , Beibei Li

Recent Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) usually only provide users with the inference APIs, namely the emerging Model-as-a-Service (MaaS) setting. To adapt MaaS PLMs to downstream tasks without accessing their parameters and gradients,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zifeng Cheng , Zhaoling Chen , Zhiwei Jiang , Yafeng Yin , Cong Wang , Shiping Ge , Qing Gu

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have shown impressive performance on various downstream tasks by utilizing knowledge learned from large data. In general, the performance of VLMs on target tasks can be further improved by prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Eulrang Cho , Jooyeon Kim , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is designed to train multiple correlated tasks simultaneously, thereby enhancing the performance of individual tasks. Typically, a multi-task network structure consists of a shared backbone and task-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Yi Xin , Junlong Du , Qiang Wang , Ke Yan , Shouhong Ding

Prompt learning represents a promising method for adapting pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) to various downstream tasks by learning a set of text embeddings. One challenge inherent to these methods is the poor generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Fangming Cui , Xun Yang , Chao Wu , Liang Xiao , Xinmei Tian

Recent advances in large pre-trained vision-language models have demonstrated remarkable performance on zero-shot downstream tasks. Building upon this, recent studies, such as CoOp and CoCoOp, have proposed the use of prompt learning, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Gahyeon Kim , Sohee Kim , Seokju Lee

Recent advancements in pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have highlighted the significant potential of prompt tuning for adapting these models to a wide range of downstream tasks. However, existing prompt tuning methods typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xinyang Wang , Yi Yang , Minfeng Zhu , Kecheng Zheng , Shi Liu , Wei Chen

Prompt-learning has become a new paradigm in modern natural language processing, which directly adapts pre-trained language models (PLMs) to $cloze$-style prediction, autoregressive modeling, or sequence to sequence generation, resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Ning Ding , Shengding Hu , Weilin Zhao , Yulin Chen , Zhiyuan Liu , Hai-Tao Zheng , Maosong Sun

Visual explanation (attention)-guided learning uses not only labels but also explanations to guide model reasoning process. While visual attention-guided learning has shown promising results, it requires a large number of explanation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Yifei Zhang , Siyi Gu , Bo Pan , Guangji Bai , Meikang Qiu , Xiaofeng Yang , Liang Zhao

Prompt engineering is very important to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs). When dealing with complex issues, prompt engineers tend to distill multiple patterns from examples and inject relevant solutions to optimize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Sheng Yang , Yurong Wu , Yan Gao , Zineng Zhou , Bin Benjamin Zhu , Xiaodi Sun , Jian-Guang Lou , Zhiming Ding , Anbang Hu , Yuan Fang , Yunsong Li , Junyan Chen , Linjun Yang

Prompt tuning for vision-language models such as CLIP involves optimizing the text prompts used to generate image-text pairs for specific downstream tasks. While hand-crafted or template-based prompts are generally applicable to a wider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Qian Zhang

The merit of ensemble learning lies in having different outputs from many individual models on a single input, i.e., the diversity of the base models. The high quality of diversity can be achieved when each model is specialized to different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Sihwan Kim , Dae Yon Jung , Taejang Park

Large pre-trained vision-language (VL) models have shown significant promise in adapting to various downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning the entire network is challenging due to the massive number of model parameters. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Jingchen Sun , Jiayu Qin , Zihao Lin , Changyou Chen

This paper presents a simple and effective visual prompting method for adapting pre-trained models to downstream recognition tasks. Our method includes two key designs. First, rather than directly adding together the prompt and the image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Junyang Wu , Xianhang Li , Chen Wei , Huiyu Wang , Alan Yuille , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) are highly adaptable to various downstream tasks through few-shot learning, making prompt-based anomaly detection a promising approach. Traditional methods depend on human-crafted prompts that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Pi-Wei Chen , Jerry Chun-Wei Lin , Jia Ji , Feng-Hao Yeh , Zih-Ching Chen , Chao-Chun Chen