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Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has emerged as a foundational technique for eliciting reasoning from Large Language Models (LLMs), yet the robustness of this approach to corruptions in intermediate reasoning steps remains poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Ashwath Vaithinathan Aravindan , Mayank Kejriwal

We study generalizable policy learning from demonstrations for complex low-level control (e.g., contact-rich object manipulations). We propose a novel hierarchical imitation learning method that utilizes sub-optimal demos. Firstly, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zhiwei Jia , Vineet Thumuluri , Fangchen Liu , Linghao Chen , Zhiao Huang , Hao Su

Long chains of thought (CoT) from current language models frequently contain logical gaps and unjustified leaps, limiting the gains from additional test-time compute. Improving reasoning quality directly would require process reward models,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jingchu Gai , Guanning Zeng , Christina Baek , Chen Wu , J. Zico Kolter , Andrej Risteski , Aditi Raghunathan

While attention has been an increasingly popular component in deep neural networks to both interpret and boost performance of models, little work has examined how attention progresses to accomplish a task and whether it is reasonable. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Shi Chen , Ming Jiang , Jinhui Yang , Qi Zhao

Machine-learned systems are in widespread use for making decisions about humans, and it is important that they are fair, i.e., not biased against individuals based on sensitive attributes. We present runtime verification of algorithmic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Thomas A. Henzinger , Mahyar Karimi , Konstantin Kueffner , Kaushik Mallik

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting to improve problem-solving and provide seemingly transparent explanations. However, growing evidence shows that CoT often fail to faithfully represent the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xu Shen , Song Wang , Zhen Tan , Laura Yao , Xinyu Zhao , Kaidi Xu , Xin Wang , Tianlong Chen

Recent works have shown that chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting can elicit language models to solve complex reasoning tasks, step-by-step. However, prompt-based CoT methods are dependent on very large models such as GPT-3 175B which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Namgyu Ho , Laura Schmid , Se-Young Yun

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) is a critical technique in enhancing the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs), and latent reasoning methods have been proposed to accelerate the inefficient token-level reasoning chain. We notice that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Fangwei Zhu , Zhifang Sui

Recent studies have discovered that Chain-of-Thought prompting (CoT) can dramatically improve the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly when dealing with complex tasks involving mathematics or reasoning. Despite the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Guhao Feng , Bohang Zhang , Yuntian Gu , Haotian Ye , Di He , Liwei Wang

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) in production environments has created an urgent need for observability systems that span the full stack -- from model internals to GPU kernels. Yet existing monitoring approaches address…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Twinkll Sisodia

Getting language models to reason correctly about code requires training on data where each reasoning step can be checked. Current synthetic Chain-of-Thought (CoT) training data often consists of plausible-sounding explanations generated by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Shailja Thakur , Vaibhav Saxena , Rohan Kulkarni , Shivdeep Singh , Parameswaran Selvam , Hima Patel , Hiroshi Kanayama

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities. Chain-of-Thought (CoT) has been proposed as a way of assisting LLMs in performing complex reasoning. However, developing effective prompts can be a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Yuxin Tang

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting is widely used to elicit explicit reasoning from large language models for code (LLM4Code). However, its impact on robustness and the stability of reasoning trajectories under realistic input perturbations…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yang Liu , Da Song , Armstrong Foundjem , Heng Li , Foutse Khomh

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has proven effective in enhancing large language models by encouraging step-by-step intermediate reasoning, and recent advances have extended this paradigm to Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). In the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Juntao Jiang , Jiangning Zhang , Yali Bi , Jinsheng Bai , Weixuan Liu , Weiwei Jin , Zhucun Xue , Yong Liu , Xiaobin Hu , Shuicheng Yan

Chain-of-thought (CoT) significantly enhances the performance of large language models (LLMs) across a wide range of tasks, and prior research shows that CoT can theoretically increase expressiveness. However, there is limited mechanistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yifan Zhang , Wenyu Du , Dongming Jin , Jie Fu , Zhi Jin

Recent advances in natural language processing highlight two key factors for improving reasoning in large language models (LLMs): (i) allocating more test-time compute tends to help on harder problems but often introduces redundancy in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Riccardo Alberghi , Elizaveta Demyanenko , Luca Biggio , Luca Saglietti

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) distillation from Large Language Models (LLMs) often induces "overthinking" in Small Language Models (SLMs), leading to performance degradation and excessive token consumption. In this study, we propose Disciplined…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Shunsuke Ubukata

Large Language Models (LLMs) using Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting excel at complex reasoning but generate verbose thought processes with considerable redundancy, leading to increased inference costs and reduced efficiency. We introduce a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zeju Li , Jianyuan Zhong , Ziyang Zheng , Xiangyu Wen , Zhijian Xu , Yingying Cheng , Fan Zhang , Qiang Xu

Requiring a large language model (LLM) to generate intermediary reasoning steps, known as Chain of Thought (CoT), has been shown to be an effective way of boosting performance. Previous approaches have focused on generating multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Haritz Puerto , Tilek Chubakov , Xiaodan Zhu , Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Iryna Gurevych

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting significantly enhances model reasoning, yet its internal mechanisms remain poorly understood. We analyze CoT's operational principles by reversely tracing information flow across decoding, projection, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hao Yang , Qinghua Zhao , Lei Li , Lingyi Meng , Mengda Yu
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