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Schenkerian Analysis (SchA) is a uniquely expressive method of music analysis, combining elements of melody, harmony, counterpoint, and form to describe the hierarchical structure supporting a work of music. However, despite its powerful…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Stephen Ni-Hahn , Weihan Xu , Jerry Yin , Rico Zhu , Simon Mak , Yue Jiang , Cynthia Rudin

Artificial Intelligence (AI) for music generation is undergoing rapid developments, with recent symbolic models leveraging sophisticated deep learning and diffusion model algorithms. One drawback with existing models is that they lack…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Stephen Ni-Hahn , Chao Péter Yang , Mingchen Ma , Cynthia Rudin , Simon Mak , Yue Jiang

Music Information Retrieval (MIR) has seen a recent surge in deep learning-based approaches, which often involve encoding symbolic music (i.e., music represented in terms of discrete note events) in an image-like or language like fashion.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Huan Zhang , Emmanouil Karystinaios , Simon Dixon , Gerhard Widmer , Carlos Eduardo Cancino-Chacón

Computational models of music, while providing good descriptions of melodic development, still cannot fully grasp the general structure comprised of repetitions, transpositions, and reuse of melodic material. We present a corpus of strongly…

In addressing the challenge of interpretability and generalizability of artificial music intelligence, this paper introduces a novel symbolic representation that amalgamates both explicit and implicit musical information across diverse…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Yikai Qian , Tianle Wang , Xinyi Tong , Xin Jin , Duo Xu , Bo Zheng , Tiezheng Ge , Feng Yu , Song-Chun Zhu

In this article, a framework for defining and analysing a family of graphs or networks from symbolic music information is discussed. Such graphs concern different types of elements, such as pitches, chords and rhythms, and the relations…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Alberto Alcalá-Alvarez , Pablo Padilla-Longoria

This paper describes a data-driven framework to parse musical sequences into dependency trees, which are hierarchical structures used in music cognition research and music analysis. The parsing involves two steps. First, the input sequence…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Francesco Foscarin , Daniel Harasim , Gerhard Widmer

Repetition is a basic indicator of musical structure. This study introduces new algorithms for identifying musical phrases based on repetition. Phrases combine to form sections yielding a two-level hierarchical structure. Automatically…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Shuqi Dai , Huan Zhang , Roger B. Dannenberg

Recent years have seen a boom in computational approaches to music analysis, yet each one is typically tailored to a specific analytical domain. In this work, we introduce AnalysisGNN, a novel graph neural network framework that leverages a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Emmanouil Karystinaios , Johannes Hentschel , Markus Neuwirth , Gerhard Widmer

Although music is typically multi-label, many works have studied hierarchical music tagging with simplified settings such as single-label data. Moreover, there lacks a framework to describe various joint training methods under the…

Identifying instrument activities within audio excerpts is vital in music information retrieval, with significant implications for music cataloging and discovery. Prior deep learning endeavors in musical instrument recognition have…

How do we measure genuine understanding in artificial cognitive systems? Current approaches face a measurement gap: probabilistic systems refine confidence gradually, practice-based systems compile knowledge through repeated execution, and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-05 Igor Balaz

Graphs can be leveraged to model polyphonic multitrack symbolic music, where notes, chords and entire sections may be linked at different levels of the musical hierarchy by tonal and rhythmic relationships. Nonetheless, there is a lack of…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Emanuele Cosenza , Andrea Valenti , Davide Bacciu

Recent advances in deep learning have expanded possibilities to generate music, but generating a customizable full piece of music with consistent long-term structure remains a challenge. This paper introduces MusicFrameworks, a hierarchical…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Shuqi Dai , Zeyu Jin , Celso Gomes , Roger B. Dannenberg

Music contains hierarchical structures beyond beats and measures. While hierarchical structure annotations are helpful for music information retrieval and computer musicology, such annotations are scarce in current digital music databases.…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Junyan Jiang , Daniel Chin , Yixiao Zhang , Gus Xia

Music Structure Analysis (MSA) consists in segmenting a music piece in several distinct sections. We approach MSA within a compression framework, under the hypothesis that the structure is more easily revealed by a simplified representation…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Axel Marmoret , Jérémy E. Cohen , Frédéric Bimbot

Learning symbolic music representations, especially disentangled representations with probabilistic interpretations, has been shown to benefit both music understanding and generation. However, most models are only applicable to short-term…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Shiqi Wei , Gus Xia

In recent years, thanks to advances in automatic music transcription (AMT), several large-scale datasets of automatically transcribed piano solo music have been released. While these datasets undoubtedly offer extensive material for…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Patricia Hu , Silvan Peter , Gerhard Widmer

Active automata learning infers automaton models of systems from behavioral observations, a technique successfully applied to a wide range of domains. Compositional approaches have recently emerged to address scalability to concurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Leo Henry , Thomas Neele , Mohammad Reza Mousavi , Matteo Sammartino

Evaluating song aesthetics is challenging due to the multidimensional nature of musical perception and the scarcity of labeled data. We propose HEAR, a robust music aesthetic evaluation framework that combines: (1) a multi-source…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Shuyang Liu , Yuan Jin , Rui Lin , Shizhe Chen , Junyu Dai , Tao Jiang
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