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As businesses increasingly rely on automation to streamline operations, the limitations of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) have become apparent, particularly its dependence on expert knowledge and inability to handle complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Laura Minkova , Jessica López Espejel , Taki Eddine Toufik Djaidja , Walid Dahhane , El Hassane Ettifouri

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across various tasks, yet they still exhibit limitations such as hallucination, unfaithful reasoning, and toxic content. One potential approach to mitigate these issues…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yuxuan Yao , Han Wu , Zhijiang Guo , Biyan Zhou , Jiahui Gao , Sichun Luo , Hanxu Hou , Xiaojin Fu , Linqi Song

Autonomous scientific discovery with large language model (LLM)-based agents has recently made substantial progress, demonstrating the ability to automate end-to-end research workflows. However, existing systems largely rely on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Tengyue Xu , Zhuoyang Qian , Gaoge Liu , Li Ling , Zhentao Zhang , Biao Wu , Shuo Zhang , Ke Lu , Wei Shi , Ziqi Wang , Zheng Feng , Yan Luo , Shu Xu , Yongjin Chen , Zhibo Feng , Zhuo Chen , Bruce Yuan , Harry Wang , Kris Chen

Prompt-based reasoning strategies such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and In-Context Learning (ICL) have become widely used for eliciting reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs). However, these methods rely on fragile, implicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Rushitha Santhoshi Mamidala , Anshuman Chhabra , Ankur Mali

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in reasoning and tool use, yet they often suffer from rigid, reactive control flows that limit their adaptability and efficiency. Most existing frameworks rely on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Hong Su

The conventional paradigm of using large language models (LLMs) for natural language generation (NLG) evaluation relies on pre-defined task definitions and evaluation criteria, positioning LLMs as "passive critics" that strictly follow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shuying Xu , Junjie Hu , Ming Jiang

Large language model agents suffer from fundamental architectural problems: entangled reasoning and execution, memory volatility, and uncontrolled action sequences. We introduce Structured Cognitive Loop (SCL), a modular architecture that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Myung Ho Kim

Research on emergent patterns in Large Language Models (LLMs) has gained significant traction in both psychology and artificial intelligence, motivating the need for a comprehensive review that offers a synthesis of this complex landscape.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Zhisheng Tang , Mayank Kejriwal

Previous works on Natural Language Generation (NLG) from structured data have primarily focused on surface-level descriptions of record sequences. However, for complex structured data, e.g., multi-row tables, it is often desirable for an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Zhiyu Chen , Wenhu Chen , Hanwen Zha , Xiyou Zhou , Yunkai Zhang , Sairam Sundaresan , William Yang Wang

Recent advancements on Large Language Models (LLMs) enable AI Agents to automatically generate and execute multi-step plans to solve complex tasks. However, since LLM's content generation process is hardly controllable, current LLM-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zelong Li , Wenyue Hua , Hao Wang , He Zhu , Yongfeng Zhang

Understanding the world through models is a fundamental goal of scientific research. While large language model (LLM) based approaches show promise in automating scientific discovery, they often overlook the importance of criticizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Michael Y. Li , Vivek Vajipey , Noah D. Goodman , Emily B. Fox

SOAR, a classic symbol-based cognitive architecture, has been fostering the development of general, human-like intelligent agents. Nevertheless, its practical adoption is hindered by the laborious manual rule coding. Emerging Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Fang Yuan , Junjie Zeng , Yue Hu , Zhengqiu Zhu , Quanjun Yin , Yuxiang Xie

Large foundation models enable powerful reasoning for autonomous systems, but mapping semantic intent to reliable real-time control remains challenging. Existing approaches either (i) let Large Language Models (LLMs) generate trajectories…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jiayi Chen , Shuai Wang , Guangxu Zhu , Chengzhong Xu

Resolving the dichotomy between the human-like yet constrained reasoning processes of Cognitive Architectures and the broad but often noisy inference behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a challenging but exciting pursuit, for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Siyu Wu , Alessandro Oltramari , Jonathan Francis , C. Lee Giles , Frank E. Ritter

Integrating large language models (LLMs) in autonomous vehicles enables conversation with AI systems to drive the vehicle. However, it also emphasizes the requirement for such systems to comprehend commands accurately and achieve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Can Cui , Zichong Yang , Yupeng Zhou , Yunsheng Ma , Juanwu Lu , Lingxi Li , Yaobin Chen , Jitesh Panchal , Ziran Wang

Advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to remarkable capabilities, yet their inner mechanisms remain largely unknown. To understand these models, we need to unravel the functions of individual neurons and their contribution to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Alex Foote , Neel Nanda , Esben Kran , Ioannis Konstas , Shay Cohen , Fazl Barez

A central goal of cognitive modeling is to develop models that not only predict human behavior but also provide insight into the underlying cognitive mechanisms. While neural network models trained on large-scale behavioral data often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jian-Qiao Zhu , Hanbo Xie , Dilip Arumugam , Robert C. Wilson , Thomas L. Griffiths

As LLM-based agents increasingly operate in high-stakes domains with real-world consequences, ensuring their behavioral safety becomes paramount. The dominant oversight paradigm, LLM-as-a-Judge, faces a fundamental dilemma: how can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jiayi Zhou , Yang Sheng , Hantao Lou , Yaodong Yang , Jie Fu

Understanding the function of individual neurons within language models is essential for mechanistic interpretability research. We propose $\textbf{Neuron to Graph (N2G)}$, a tool which takes a neuron and its dataset examples, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Alex Foote , Neel Nanda , Esben Kran , Ionnis Konstas , Fazl Barez

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as general-purpose reasoners, particularly in agentic contexts. However, their outputs remain prone to mathematical and logical errors. This is especially challenging in open-ended…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis , Vince Trencsenyi