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This paper proposes maximum (quasi)likelihood estimation for high dimensional factor models with regime switching in the loadings. The model parameters are estimated jointly by the EM (expectation maximization) algorithm, which in the…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-04-11 Giovanni Urga , Fa Wang

Active learning seeks to reduce the amount of data required to fit the parameters of a model, thus forming an important class of techniques in modern machine learning. However, past work on active learning has largely overlooked latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Aditi Jha , Zoe C. Ashwood , Jonathan W. Pillow

The low-frequency variability of the mid-latitude atmosphere involves complex nonlinear and chaotic dynamical processes posing predictability challenges. It is characterized by sporadically recurring, often long-lived patterns of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Dmitry Mukhin , Roman Samoilov , Abdel Hannachi

Accurate prediction of financial market volatility is critical for risk management, derivatives pricing, and investment strategy. In this study, we propose a multitude of regime-switching methods to improve the prediction of S&P 500…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-07 Ava C. Blake , Nivika A. Gandhi , Anurag R. Jakkula

This paper studies the continuous-time reinforcement learning (RL) for optimal switching problems across multiple regimes. We consider a type of exploratory formulation under entropy regularization where the agent randomizes both the timing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Yijie Huang , Mengge Li , Xiang Yu , Zhou Zhou

The concepts of sparsity, and regularised estimation, have proven useful in many high-dimensional statistical applications. Dynamic factor models (DFMs) provide a parsimonious approach to modelling high-dimensional time series, however, it…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-22 Luke Mosley , Tak-Shing T. Chan , Alex Gibberd

Many real-world dynamical systems can be described as State-Space Models (SSMs). In this formulation, each observation is emitted by a latent state, which follows first-order Markovian dynamics. A Probabilistic Deep SSM (ProDSSM)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Andreas Look , Melih Kandemir , Barbara Rakitsch , Jan Peters

In health cohort studies, repeated measures of markers are often used to describe the natural history of a disease. Joint models allow to study their evolution by taking into account the possible informative dropout usually due to clinical…

This paper describes a new Bayesian interpretation of a class of skew--Student $t$ distributions. We consider a hierarchical normal model with unknown covariance matrix and show that by imposing different restrictions on the parameter…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-25 Abdolnasser Sadeghkhani

This study deals with continuous limits of interacting one-dimensional diffusive systems, arising from stochastic distortions of discrete curves with various kinds of coding representations. These systems are essentially of a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-09-09 Guy Fayolle , Cyril Furtlehner

In Continual Learning (CL) contexts, concept drift typically refers to the analysis of changes in data distribution. A drift in the input data can have negative consequences on a learning predictor and the system's stability. The majority…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Sebastian Basterrech

Learning-based control methods typically assume stationary system dynamics, an assumption often violated in real-world systems due to drift, wear, or changing operating conditions. We study reinforcement learning for control under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Klemens Iten , Bruce Lee , Chenhao Li , Lenart Treven , Andreas Krause , Bhavya Sukhija

We consider un-discounted reinforcement learning (RL) in Markov decision processes (MDPs) under temporal drifts, ie, both the reward and state transition distributions are allowed to evolve over time, as long as their respective total…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Wang Chi Cheung , David Simchi-Levi , Ruihao Zhu

Switching dynamical systems provide a powerful, interpretable modeling framework for inference in time-series data in, e.g., the natural sciences or engineering applications. Since many areas, such as biology or discrete-event systems, are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Lukas Köhs , Bastian Alt , Heinz Koeppl

Latent state space models are a fundamental and widely used tool for modeling dynamical systems. However, they are difficult to learn from data and learned models often lack performance guarantees on inference tasks such as filtering and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-31 Wen Sun , Arun Venkatraman , Byron Boots , J. Andrew Bagnell

The hidden Markov model (HMM) provides a powerful framework for inference in time-varying environments, where the underlying state evolves according to a Markov chain. To address the optimal filtering problem in general dynamic settings, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Dongyan Sui , Haotian Pu , Siyang Leng , Stefan Vlaski

We consider the setting where a collection of time series, modeled as random processes, evolve in a causal manner, and one is interested in learning the graph governing the relationships of these processes. A special case of wide interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-30 Hossein Hosseini , Sreeram Kannan , Baosen Zhang , Radha Poovendran

We investigate nonlinear regression for nonstationary sequential data. In most real-life applications such as business domains including finance, retail, energy and economy, timeseries data exhibits nonstationarity due to the temporally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Fatih Ilhan , Oguzhan Karaahmetoglu , Ismail Balaban , Suleyman Serdar Kozat

In many research fields, researchers aim to identify significant associations between a set of explanatory variables and a response while controlling the FDR. The Knockoff filter has been recently proposed in the frequentist paradigm to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-22 Lorenzo Focardi-Olmi , Anna Gottard , Michele Guindani , Marina Vannucci

Motivated by applications arising in networked systems, this work examines controlled regime-switching systems that stem from a mean-variance formulation. A main point is that the switching process is a hidden Markov chain. An additional…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-01-21 Zhixin Yang , George Yin , Qing Zhang