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Science, being a social enterprise, is subject to fragmentation into groups that focus on specialized areas or topics. Often new advances occur through cross-fertilization of ideas between sub-fields that otherwise have little overlap as…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-08-17 Raj Kumar Pan , Sitabhra Sinha , Kimmo Kaski , Jari Saramäki

This book covers the history of probability up to Kolmogorov with essential additional coverage of statistics up to Fisher. Based on my work of ca. 50 years, it is the only suchlike book. Gorrochurn (2016) is similar but his study of events…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2018-02-28 Oscar Sheynin

This article aims to show the weakness of the current scientific assessments, based on a set of contradictory pseudo-axioms. The six pseudo-axioms are deeply analysed. From the analysis are derived several conclusions. In spite of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Jose Carlos Bermejo Barrera

Nearing a century since its inception, quantum mechanics is as lively as ever. Its signature manifestations, such as superposition, wave-particle duality, uncertainty principle, entanglement and nonlocality, were long confronted as weird…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-06 Gerardo Adesso , Rosario Lo Franco , Valentina Parigi

An elementary survey of mathematical cosmology is presented. We cover certain key ideas and developments in a qualitative way, from the time of the Einstein static universe in 1917 until today. We divide our presentation into four main…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-03-31 Spiros Cotsakis , Alexander P. Yefremov

An overview of the experimental and observational status in gravitational physics is given, both for the known tests of general relativity and Newtonian gravity, but also for the increasing number of results where these theories run into…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-14 Alexander Unzicker

Biological, linguistic, sociological and economical applications of statistical physics are reviewed here. They have been made on a variety of computers over a dozen years, not only at the NIC computers. A longer description can be found in…

Popular Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Stauffer

The area of computation called artificial intelligence (AI) is falsified by describing a previous 1972 falsification of AI by British mathematical physicist James Lighthill. How Lighthill's arguments continue to apply to current AI is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Steven Meyer

For two decades the hot big-bang model has been referred to as the standard cosmology -- and for good reason. For just as long cosmologists have known that there are fundamental questions that are not addressed by the standard cosmology and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael S. Turner

The phenomenal success of physics in explaining nature and designing hardware is predicated on efficient computational models. A universal codebook of physical laws defines the computational rules and a physical system is an interacting…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Bahram Jalali , Achuta Kadambi , Vwani Roychowdhury

Scientific discovery is a complex cognitive process that has driven human knowledge and technological progress for centuries. While artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant advances in automating aspects of scientific reasoning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chandan K Reddy , Parshin Shojaee

From the dawn of civilization, people have used folktales and stories to share information and knowledge. After the invention of printing in the 15th century, technology provided helpful yet complicated utilities to exchange ideas. In the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-07-26 Bihter Avsar , Danial Esmaeili Aliabadi , Edris Esmaeili Aliabadi , Reza Yousefnezhad

Science is a crowning glory of the human spirit and its applications remain our best hope for social progress. But there are limitations to current science and perhaps to any science. The general mind-body problem is known to be intractable…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-29 Jerome Feldman

The future evolution of the universe suggested by the cosmological model proposed earlier at this meeting by the authors is explored. The fundamental role played by the positive "cosmological constant" is emphasized. Dyson's 1979 paper…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. Pierre Noyes , James Lindesay

Machine learning is increasingly transforming various scientific fields, enabled by advancements in computational power and access to large data sets from experiments and simulations. As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to grow in…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Sebastian Johann Wetzel , Seungwoong Ha , Raban Iten , Miriam Klopotek , Ziming Liu

The job of a physicist is to describe Nature. General features, hypotheses and theories help to describe physics phenomena at a more abstract, fundamental level, and are sometimes tacitly assigned some sort of real existence; doing so…

Popular Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 J. Strauss

I give a pedagogical and historical introduction to axion physics, and briefly review the present status of axions in our understanding of particle physics and cosmology. This is a contribution to Continuous Advances in QCD 2002/Arkadyfest,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-23 Mark Srednicki

To our best knowledge, there are no problem books on cosmology yet, that would include its spectacular recent achievements. We believe there is a strong need for such now, when cosmology is swiftly becoming a strict and vast science, and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-10 Yu. L. Bolotin , V. A. Cherkaskiy , G. I. Ivashkevych , O. A. Lemets , I. V. Tanatarov , D. A. Yerokhin

We give an abridged account of a continued string of studies in condensed matter physics and in complex systems that span five decades. We provide links to access abstracts and full texts of a selected list of publications. The studies were…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-01-15 Alberto Robledo , Carlos Velarde

National science systems have become embedded in global science and countries do everything they can to harness global knowledge to national economic needs. However, accessing and using the riches of global knowledge can occur only through…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-11 Marek Kwiek