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Large multimodal models (LMMs) have advanced significantly by integrating visual encoders with extensive language models, enabling robust reasoning capabilities. However, compressing LMMs for deployment on edge devices remains a critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Te Zhang , Yuheng Li , Junxiang Wang , Lujun Li

Modern scientific research increasingly depends on High-Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructures, yet many researchers face significant operational barriers when interacting with cluster environments, job schedulers, GPU resources, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nourin Shahin , Izzat Alsmadi

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced AI capabilities but pose considerable challenges for deployment on edge devices due to high computational demands, memory bandwidth constraints, and energy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Maoyang Xiang , Ramesh Fernando , Bo Wang

Large language models (LLMs) rely on Key-Value (KV) cache to reduce time-to-first-token (TTFT) latency, but existing disk-based KV cache systems using file-per-object layouts suffer from severe scalability bottlenecks due to file system…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Weiping Yu , Ye Jiarui , He Mengke , Junfeng Liu , Siqiang Luo

Integrating large language models (LLMs) as priors in reinforcement learning (RL) offers significant advantages but comes with substantial computational costs. We present a principled cache-efficient framework for posterior sampling with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ibne Farabi Shihab , Sanjeda Akter , Anuj Sharma

Inference on large-language models (LLMs) is constrained by GPU memory capacity. A sudden increase in the number of inference requests to a cloud-hosted LLM can deplete GPU memory, leading to contention between multiple prompts for limited…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Abhishek Vijaya Kumar , Gianni Antichi , Rachee Singh

Processing long contexts poses a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs) due to their inherent context-window limitations and the computational burden of extensive key-value (KV) activations, which severely impact efficiency.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Hongjin Qian , Zheng Liu , Peitian Zhang , Zhicheng Dou , Defu Lian

Retrieval-augmented generation improves large language models' accuracy by adding relevant retrieved text to the prompt. Chunk level caching (CLC) accelerates inference by precomputing KV caches for these retrieved chunks and reusing them.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Samuel Cestola , Tianxiang Xia , Zheng Weiyan , Zheng Pengfei , Diego Didona

Modern Transformer-based models frequently suffer from miscalibration, producing overconfident predictions that do not reflect true empirical frequencies. This work investigates the calibration dynamics of LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Bartosz Trojan , Filip Gębala

Transformer based Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely used in many fields, and the efficiency of LLM inference becomes hot topic in real applications. However, LLMs are usually complicatedly designed in model structure with…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Hui Wu , Yi Gan , Feng Yuan , Jing Ma , Wei Zhu , Yutao Xu , Hong Zhu , Yuhua Zhu , Xiaoli Liu , Jinghui Gu , Peng Zhao

This research paper investigates the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in healthcare, specifically focusing on enhancing medical decision support through Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrated with hospital-specific data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Mohammad Shoaib Ansari , Mohd Sohail Ali Khan , Shubham Revankar , Aditya Varma , Anil S. Mokhade

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become the leading Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) method for Large Language Models (LLMs), as it significantly reduces GPU memory usage while maintaining competitive fine-tuned model quality on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zhanda Zhu , Qidong Su , Yaoyao Ding , Kevin Song , Shang Wang , Gennady Pekhimenko

Cost of serving large language models (LLM) is high, but the expensive and scarce GPUs are poorly efficient when generating tokens sequentially, unless the batch of sequences is enlarged. However, the batch size is limited by some…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jiaao He , Jidong Zhai

This paper presents ServerlessLLM, a distributed system designed to support low-latency serverless inference for Large Language Models (LLMs). By harnessing the substantial near-GPU storage and memory capacities of inference servers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Yao Fu , Leyang Xue , Yeqi Huang , Andrei-Octavian Brabete , Dmitrii Ustiugov , Yuvraj Patel , Luo Mai

The past few years has witnessed specialized large language model (LLM) inference systems, such as vLLM, SGLang, Mooncake, and DeepFlow, alongside rapid LLM adoption via services like ChatGPT. Driving these system design efforts is the…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-30 James Pan , Guoliang Li

The recent advances in LLMs bring a strong demand for efficient system support to improve overall serving efficiency. As LLM inference scales towards multiple GPUs and even multiple compute nodes, various coordination patterns, such as…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Hongyi Jin , Ruihang Lai , Charlie F. Ruan , Yingcheng Wang , Todd C. Mowry , Xupeng Miao , Zhihao Jia , Tianqi Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) process every token through all layers of a transformer stack, causing wasted computation on simple queries and insufficient flexibility for harder ones that need deeper reasoning. Adaptive-depth methods can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ahmed Heakl , Martin Gubri , Salman Khan , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh

We present Prompt Cache, an approach for accelerating inference for large language models (LLM) by reusing attention states across different LLM prompts. Many input prompts have overlapping text segments, such as system messages, prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 In Gim , Guojun Chen , Seung-seob Lee , Nikhil Sarda , Anurag Khandelwal , Lin Zhong

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across diverse tasks. However, these models are typically deployed with fixed weights, which limits their ability to adapt dynamically to the variability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Kamer Ali Yuksel , Hassan Sawaf

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across a versatile set of tasks. A key challenge in accelerating VLMs is storing and accessing the large Key-Value (KV) cache that encodes long visual contexts, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Dezhan Tu , Danylo Vashchilenko , Yuzhe Lu , Panpan Xu