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The digitization of democratic processes promises greater accessibility but presents challenges in terms of security, privacy, and verifiability. Existing electronic voting systems often rely on centralized architectures, creating single…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Michał Jóźwik , Johan Pouwelse

Post-quantum security is critical in the quantum era. Quantum computers, along with quantum algorithms, make the standard cryptography based on RSA or ECDSA over FL or Blockchain vulnerable. The implementation of post-quantum cryptography…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Dev Gurung , Shiva Raj Pokhrel , Gang Li

The secure command and control (C&C) of mobile agents arises in various settings including unmanned aerial vehicles, single pilot operations in commercial settings, and mobile robots to name a few. As more and more of these applications get…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Richa Varma , Chris Melville , Claudio Pinello , Tuhin Sahai

The security of messages encoded via the widely used RSA public key encryption system rests on the enormous computational effort required to find the prime factors of a large number N using classical (i.e., conventional) computers. In 1994,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Edward Gerjuoy

Sensitive digital data, such as health information or governmental archives, are often stored for decades or centuries. The processing of such data calls for long-term security. Secure channels on the Internet require robust key…

Traditional and lightweight cryptography primitives and protocols are insecure against quantum attacks. Thus, a real-time application using traditional or lightweight cryptography primitives and protocols does not ensure full-proof…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Adarsh Kumar , Carlo Ottaviani , Sukhpal Singh Gill , Rajkumar Buyya

One of the central themes in classical cryptography is multi-party computation, which performs joint computation on multiple participants' data while maintaining data privacy. The extension to the quantum regime was proposed in 2002, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-25 Zhu Cao

Post-quantum cryptography studies the security of classical, i.e. non-quantum cryptographic protocols against quantum attacks. Until recently, the considered adversaries were assumed to use quantum computers and behave like classical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-07-16 Maria Velema

In their 2022 study, Kuang et al. introduced Multivariable Polynomial Public Key (MPPK) cryptography, leveraging the inversion relationship between multiplication and division for quantum-safe public key systems. They extended MPPK into…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Randy Kuang , Maria Perepechaenko , Mahmoud Sayed , Dafu Lou

Quantum computers pose a fundamental threat to widely deployed public-key cryptosystems, such as RSA and ECC, by enabling efficient integer factorization using Shor's algorithm. Theoretical resource estimates suggest that 2048-bit RSA keys…

In 1994, P. Shor discovered quantum algorithms which can break both the RSA cryptosystem and the ElGamal cryptosystem. In 2007, D-Wave demonstrated the first quantum computer. These events and further developments have brought a crisis to…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Chuanming Zong

We propose a symmetric key homomorphic encryption scheme based on the evaluation of multivariate polynomials over a finite field. The proposed scheme is somewhat homomorphic with respect to addition and multiplication. Further, we define a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Uddipana Dowerah , Srinivasan Krishnaswamy

Post-quantum cryptography currently rests on a small number of hardness assumptions, posing significant risks should any one of them be compromised. This vulnerability motivates the search for new and cryptographically versatile assumptions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Jonathan Z. Lu , Alexander Poremba , Yihui Quek , Akshar Ramkumar

Shor's and Grover's algorithms' efficiency and the advancement of quantum computers imply that the cryptography used until now to protect one's privacy is potentially vulnerable to retrospective decryption, also known as \emph{harvest now,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Denis Berger , Mouad Lemoudden , William J Buchanan

Encrypted control systems allow to evaluate feedback laws on external servers without revealing private information about state and input data, the control law, or the plant. While there are a number of encrypted control schemes available…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-14 Sebastian Schlor , Michael Hertneck , Stefan Wildhagen , Frank Allgöwer

Quantum computers promise to efficiently solve not only problems believed to be intractable for classical computers, but also problems for which verifying the solution is also considered intractable. This raises the question of how one can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Alexandru Gheorghiu , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi

Guaranteeing nonrepudiation, unforgeability as well as transferability of a signature is one of the most vital safeguards in today's e-commerce era. Based on fundamental laws of quantum physics, quantum digital signature (QDS) aims to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Hua-Lei Yin , Yao Fu , Zeng-Bing Chen

Bitcoin, as a decentralized digital currency, has caused extensive research interest. There are many studies based on related protocols on Bitcoin, Bitcoin-based voting protocols also received attention in related literature. In this paper,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Zijian Bao , Bin Wang , Wenbo Shi

In recent years end-to-end verifiable voting (E2EVV) has emerged as a promising new paradigm to conduct evidence-based elections. However, E2EVV systems thus far have primarily been designed for the developed world and the fundamental…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Hina Binte Haq , Syed Taha Ali , Ronan McDermott

Confidentiality in our digital world is based on the security of cryptographic algorithms. These are usually executed transparently in the background, with people often relying on them without further knowledge. In the course of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Peter Hillmann