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This paper demonstrates that third-order real symmetric tensors cannot be classified up to equivalence by their eigenvalues only, thereby resolving a problem posed by Qi in 2006. By applying Harrison's center theory, we derive equivalence…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Lishan Fang , Hua-Lin Huang , Shengyuan Ruan , and Yu Ye

In this paper, we focus on a special class of symmetric tensors, which can be orthogonally diagonalizable, and investigate their Z-eigenpairs problem. We show that the eigenpairs can be uniformly expressed using several basic eigenpairs,…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Lei Wang , Xiurui Geng

The quantum eigenvalue problem arises in the study of the geometric measure of the quantum entanglement. In this paper, we convert the quantum eigenvalue problem to the Z-eigenvalue problem of a real symmetric tensor. In this way, the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-08 Xinzhen Zhang , Liqun Qi

In this paper, we study the approximate orthogonal diagonalization problem of third order symmetric tensors. We define several classes of approximately diagonal tensors, including the ones corresponding to the stationary points of this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-08 Jianze Li , Konstantin Usevich , Pierre Comon

We prove that multilinear (tensor) analogues of many efficiently computable problems in numerical linear algebra are NP-hard. Our list here includes: determining the feasibility of a system of bilinear equations, deciding whether a 3-tensor…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-07-02 Christopher Hillar , Lek-Heng Lim

A symmetric tensor may be regarded as a partially symmetric tensor in several different ways. These produce different notions of rank for the symmetric tensor which are related by chains of inequalities. By exploiting algebraic tools such…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-12-03 Fulvio Gesmundo , Alessandro Oneto , Emanuele Ventura

We lay the geometric foundations for the study of the characteristic polynomial of tensors. For symmetric tensors of order $d \geq 3$ and dimension $2$ and symmetric tensors of order $3$ and dimension $3$, we prove that only finitely many…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-08-23 Francesco Galuppi , Fulvio Gesmundo , Ettore Teixeira Turatti , Lorenzo Venturello

Eigenvectors of tensors, as studied recently in numerical multilinear algebra, correspond to fixed points of self-maps of a projective space. We determine the number of eigenvectors and eigenvalues of a generic tensor, and we show that the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-06-18 Dustin Cartwright , Bernd Sturmfels

The purpose of this paper is to study the problem of computing unitary eigenvalues (U-eigenvalues) of non-symmetric complex tensors. By means of symmetric embedding of complex tensors, the relationship between U-eigenpairs of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-02 Mengshi Zhang , Guyan Ni , Guofeng Zhang

We prove that the representations numbers of a ternary definite integral quadratic form defined over F_q[t], where F_q is a finite field of odd characteristic, determine its integral equivalence class when q is large enough with respect to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-15 Jean Bureau , Jorge Morales

The covariance tensors in statistics{, elasticity tensor in solid mechanics, Riemann curvature tensor in relativity theory are all biquadratic tensors that are weakly symmetric, but not symmetric in general. Motivated by this, in this…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-04 Liqun Qi , Chunfeng Cui

Recently, the eigenvalue problems formulated with symmetric positive definite bilinear forms have been well investigated with the aim of explicit bounds for the eigenvalues. In this paper, the existing theorems for bounding eigenvalues are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-25 Xuefeng Liu

We introduce $\hat{H}$-eigenvalue for $2m$-th order $n$-dimensional complex tensors. Then we determine several checkable inclusion sets for $\hat{H}$-eigenvalues and derive some criterions for the Hermitian positive definiteness…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Haojie Chen , Yang Yang

In this paper we discuss curvature tensors in the context of Absolute Parallelism geometry. Different curvature tensors are expressed in a compact form in terms of the torsion tensor of the canonical connection. Using the Bianchi identities…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Nabil L. Youssef , Amr M. Sid-Ahmed

One of the central problems in the theory of linear complementarity problems (LCPs) is to study the class of $Q$-matrices since it characterizes the solvability of LCP. Recently, the concept of $Q$-matrix has been extended to the case of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-09-11 Zheng-Hai Huang , Yun-Yang Suo , Jie Wang

The two dimensional set of canonical relations giving rise to minimal uncertainties previously constructed from a q-deformed oscillator algebra is further investigated. We provide a representation for this algebra in terms of a flat…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-07-04 Sanjib Dey , Andreas Fring

We describe an algorithm to compute the extremal eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of a symmetric matrix by solving a sequence of Quadratic Binary Optimization problems. This algorithm is robust across many different classes of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Benjamin Krakoff , Susan M. Mniszewski , Christian F. A. Negre

This article introduces an algebraic framework for establishing eigenvalue bounds for symmetric positive definite tensors by leveraging intrinsic invariants, specifically the trace and determinant (resultant). We derive a hierarchy of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Snigdhashree Nayak , Hemant Sharma , Nachiketa Mishra

We consider eigenvalue condition numbers and backward errors for a class of symmetric nonlinear eigenvalue problems with eigenvector nonlinearities. For both of these quantities, we derive explicit and computable expressions that can be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Vilhelm Peterson Lithell , Victor Janssens , Elias Jarlebring , Karl Meerbergen , Wim Michiels

Consider the spaces of pseudodifferential operators between tensor density modules over the line as modules of the Lie algebra of vector fields on the line. We compute the equivalence classes of various subquotients of these modules. There…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-17 Charles H. Conley , Jeannette M. Larsen
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