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Continuing results from JCDCGGG 2016 and 2017, we solve several new cases of the simple foldability problem -- deciding which crease patterns can be folded flat by a sequence of (some model of) simple folds. We give new efficient algorithms…

We propose a model for recoverable robust optimization with commitment. Given a combinatorial optimization problem and uncertainty about elements that may fail, we ask for a robust solution that, after the failing elements are revealed, can…

We introduce a multi-sorted stratified syllogistic, called 4LQSR, admitting variables of four sorts and a restricted form of quantification over variables of the first three sorts, and prove that it has a solvable satisfiability problem by…

Let $M(A,I)$ be a free partially commutative monoid with involution and $G(A,I)$ be its quotient group, e.g. a right-angled Artin or Coxeter group. Given a system of word equations over $M(A,I)$ with recognizable constraints with input size…

The paper proposes a logical model of combinatorial problems, also it gives an example of a problem of the class NP that can not be solved in polynomial time on the dimension of the problem.

Let C be a class of algebras of a given fixed type t. Associated with the type is a first order language L_t. One can then ask the question, when is the class C axiomatisable by sentences of L_t. In this paper we will be considering…

Block Sorting is a well studied problem, motivated by its applications in Optical Character Recognition (OCR), and Computational Biology. Block Sorting has been shown to be NP-Hard, and two separate polynomial time 2-approximation…

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) exhibit impressive problem-solving abilities in various domains, but their visual comprehension and abstract reasoning skills remain under-evaluated. To this end, we present PolyMATH, a challenging…

We study the representation of systems S of linear equations over the two-element field (aka xor- or parity-constraints) via conjunctive normal forms F (boolean clause-sets). First we consider the problem of finding an "arc-consistent"…

We study logic for reasoning with if-then formulas describing dependencies between attributes of objects which are observed in consecutive points in time. We introduce semantic entailment of the formulas, show its fixed-point…

We consider the problem of deciding whether an input graph G admits a topological embedding into a two-dimensional simplicial complex C. This problem includes, among others, the embeddability problem of a graph on a surface and the…

We focus on rational solutions or nearly-feasible rational solutions that serve as certificates of feasibility for polynomial optimization problems. We show that, under some separability conditions, certain cubic polynomially constrained…

We determine the ZF-provable modal logic of the modality $\Box_{\mathrm{sym}}$, where $\Box_{\mathrm{sym}}\varphi$ means '$\varphi$ holds in every finite symmetry-preserving iteration' of the symmetric method. We prove that the exact logic…

Multi-dimensional complex optical potentials with partial parity-time (PT) symmetry are proposed. The usual PT symmetry requires that the potential is invariant under complex conjugation and simultaneous reflection in all spatial…

In this paper we show that a generalized version of the Nikoli puzzle Slant is NP-complete. We also give polynomial time algorithms for versions of the puzzle where some constraints are omitted. These problems correspond to simultaneously…

In this paper we propose a structural parameter of CNF formulas and use it to identify instances of weighted MaxSAT and #SAT that can be solved in polynomial time. Given a CNF formula we say that a set of clauses is precisely satisfiable if…

We prove that unless P=NP, there exists no polynomial time (or even pseudo-polynomial time) algorithm that can test whether the optimal value of a nonlinear optimization problem where the objective and constraints are given by low-degree…

In this paper two algorithms solving circuit satisfiability problem over supernilpotent algebras are presented. The first one is deterministic and is faster than fastest previous algorithm presented by Aichinger. The second one is…

We consider random systems of equations x_1 + ... + x_k = a; 0 <= a <= 2 which are interpreted as equations modulo 3: We show for k >= 15 that the satisfiability threshold of such systems occurs where the 2-core has density 1: We show a…

Phase transitions in combinatorial problems have recently been shown to be useful in locating "hard" instances of combinatorial problems. The connection between computational complexity and the existence of phase transitions has been…