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LLM alignment ensures that large language models behave safely and effectively by aligning their outputs with human values, goals, and intentions. Aligning LLMs employ huge amounts of data, computation, and time. Moreover, curating data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amrit Khera , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

It has been found that software, like natural language texts, exhibits "naturalness", which can be captured by statistical language models. In recent years, neural language models have been proposed to represent the naturalness of software…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Thomas Dowdell , Hongyu Zhang

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to new languages typically involves continual pre-training (CT) followed by supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, this CT-then-SFT approach struggles with limited data in the context of low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Mingxu Tao , Chen Zhang , Quzhe Huang , Tianyao Ma , Songfang Huang , Dongyan Zhao , Yansong Feng

Large language models (LLMs) enable system builders today to create competent NLP systems through prompting, where they only need to describe the task in natural language and provide a few examples. However, in other ways, LLMs are a step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Vijay Viswanathan , Chenyang Zhao , Amanda Bertsch , Tongshuang Wu , Graham Neubig

While machine learning has transformed polymer design by enabling rapid property prediction and candidate generation, translating these designs into experimentally realizable materials remains a critical challenge. Traditionally, the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-08 Sakshi Agarwal , Wei Xiong , Rampi Ramprasad

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable adaptability, showcasing their capacity to excel in tasks for which they were not explicitly trained. However, despite their impressive natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Supun Manathunga , Isuru Hettigoda

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various NLP tasks with a focus on English due to English-centric pre-training and limited multilingual data. In this work, we focus on the problem of translation, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haoran Xu , Kenton Murray , Philipp Koehn , Hieu Hoang , Akiko Eriguchi , Huda Khayrallah

Machine learning practitioners often face significant challenges in formally integrating their prior knowledge and beliefs into predictive models, limiting the potential for nuanced and context-aware analyses. Moreover, the expertise needed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-23 James Requeima , John Bronskill , Dami Choi , Richard E. Turner , David Duvenaud

As AI becomes fundamental in sectors like healthcare, explainable AI (XAI) tools are essential for trust and transparency. However, traditional user studies used to evaluate these tools are often costly, time consuming, and difficult to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Francesco Bombassei De Bona , Gabriele Dominici , Tim Miller , Marc Langheinrich , Martin Gjoreski

Historical linguists have long written a kind of incompletely formalized ''program'' that converts reconstructed words in an ancestor language into words in one of its attested descendants that consist of a series of ordered string rewrite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Atharva Naik , Kexun Zhang , Nathaniel Robinson , Aravind Mysore , Clayton Marr , Hong Sng , Rebecca Byrnes , Anna Cai , Kalvin Chang , David Mortensen

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong reasoning capabilities beyond traditional language tasks, motivating their use for numerical optimization. This paper presents LLMize, an open-source Python framework that enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 M. Rizki Oktavian

Language models are essential for natural language processing (NLP) tasks, such as machine translation and text summarization. Remarkable performance has been demonstrated recently across many NLP domains via a Transformer-based language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Qian Yang , Zhouyuan Huo , Wenlin Wang , Heng Huang , Lawrence Carin

Large decoder-only language models (LMs) can be largely improved in terms of perplexity by retrieval (e.g., RETRO), but its impact on text generation quality and downstream task accuracy is unclear. Thus, it is still an open question: shall…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Boxin Wang , Wei Ping , Peng Xu , Lawrence McAfee , Zihan Liu , Mohammad Shoeybi , Yi Dong , Oleksii Kuchaiev , Bo Li , Chaowei Xiao , Anima Anandkumar , Bryan Catanzaro

Recent advances show that large language models (LLMs) generalize strong performance across different natural language benchmarks. However, the large size of LLMs makes training and inference expensive and impractical to run in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Laurence Liang

Resolving Python dependency issues remains a tedious and error-prone process, forcing developers to manually trial compatible module versions and interpreter configurations. Existing automated solutions, such as knowledge-graph-based and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Antony Bartlett , Cynthia Liem , Annibale Panichella

LLM Ensemble -- which involves the comprehensive use of multiple large language models (LLMs), each aimed at handling user queries during downstream inference, to benefit from their individual strengths -- has gained substantial attention…

While pre-trained language models have achieved great success on various natural language understanding tasks, how to effectively leverage them into non-autoregressive generation tasks remains a challenge. To solve this problem, we present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Ting Jiang , Shaohan Huang , Zihan Zhang , Deqing Wang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Furu Wei , Haizhen Huang , Liangjie Zhang , Qi Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) with in-context learning have significantly improved the performance of text-to-SQL task. Previous works generally focus on using exclusive SQL generation prompt to improve the LLMs' reasoning ability. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Zhenhe Wu , Zhongqiu Li , Jie Zhang , Mengxiang Li , Yu Zhao , Ruiyu Fang , Zhongjiang He , Xuelong Li , Zhoujun Li , Shuangyong Song

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable ability to comprehend, reason, and generate following nature language instructions. However, the development of LLMs has been primarily focused on high-resource languages, such as English,…

Humans are accustomed to reading and writing in a forward manner, and this natural bias extends to text understanding in auto-regressive large language models (LLMs). This paper investigates whether LLMs, like humans, struggle with reverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Sicheng Yu , Yuanchen Xu , Cunxiao Du , Yanying Zhou , Minghui Qiu , Qianru Sun , Hao Zhang , Jiawei Wu
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