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Advances in medical imaging technologies have enabled the collection of longitudinal images, which involve repeated scanning of the same patients over time, to monitor disease progression. However, predictive modeling of such data remains…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-25 Chen Liu , Ke Xu , Liangbo L. Shen , Guillaume Huguet , Zilong Wang , Alexander Tong , Danilo Bzdok , Jay Stewart , Jay C. Wang , Lucian V. Del Priore , Smita Krishnaswamy

Bragg coherent x-ray diffractive imaging is a powerful technique for investigating dynamic nanoscale processes in nanoparticles immersed in reactive, realistic environments. Its temporal resolution is limited, however, by the oversampling…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-05-25 A. Ulvestad , A. Tripathi , S. O. Hruszkewycz , W. Cha , S. M. Wild , G. B. Stephenson , P. H. Fuoss

Reconstructing precise clinical timelines is essential for modeling patient trajectories and forecasting risk in complex, heterogeneous conditions like sepsis. While unstructured clinical narratives offer semantically rich and contextually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Sayantan Kumar , Shahriar Noroozizadeh , Juyong Kim , Jeremy C. Weiss

Understanding and predicting the progression of neurodegenerative diseases remains a major challenge in medical AI, with significant implications for early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and treatment planning. However, most available…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Nivetha Jayakumar , Swakshar Deb , Bahram Jafrasteh , Qingyu Zhao , Miaomiao Zhang

Longitudinal MRI analysis is crucial for predicting disease outcomes, particularly in chronic conditions like hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where early detection can significantly influence treatment strategies and patient prognosis. Yet,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Jakob Nolte , Maureen M. J. Guichelaar , Donald E. Bouman , Stephanie M. van den Berg , Maryam Amir Haeri

The healthcare industry generates troves of unlabelled physiological data. This data can be exploited via contrastive learning, a self-supervised pre-training method that encourages representations of instances to be similar to one another.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Dani Kiyasseh , Tingting Zhu , David A. Clifton

3D Single Object Tracking (3D-SOT) aims to localize a target object across a sequence of LiDAR point clouds, given its 3D bounding box in the first frame. Recent methods have adopted a memory-based approach to utilize previously observed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jaejoon Yoo , SuBeen Lee , Yerim Jeon , Miso Lee , Jae-Pil Heo

Scene coordinate regression (SCR) models have proven to be powerful implicit scene representations for 3D vision, enabling visual relocalization and structure-from-motion. SCR models are trained specifically for one scene. If training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Wenjing Bian , Axel Barroso-Laguna , Tommaso Cavallari , Victor Adrian Prisacariu , Eric Brachmann

Volumetric medical segmentation is a critical component of 3D medical image analysis that delineates different semantic regions. Deep neural networks have significantly improved volumetric medical segmentation, but they generally require…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-18 Hanan Gani , Muzammal Naseer , Fahad Khan , Salman Khan

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled conversational AI agents to engage in extended multi-turn interactions spanning weeks or months. However, existing memory systems struggle to reason over temporally grounded facts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Sahil Sen , Elias Lumer , Anmol Gulati , Vamse Kumar Subbiah

Radiology reports are detailed text descriptions of the content of medical scans. Each report describes the presence/absence and location of relevant clinical findings, commonly including comparison with prior exams of the same patient to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Francesco Dalla Serra , Chaoyang Wang , Fani Deligianni , Jeffrey Dalton , Alison Q O'Neil

Analyzing temporal developments is crucial for the accurate prognosis of many medical conditions. Temporal changes that occur over short time scales are key to assessing the health of physiological functions, such as the cardiac cycle.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Chengzhi Shen , Martin J. Menten , Hrvoje Bogunović , Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth , Hendrik Scholl , Sobha Sivaprasad , Andrew Lotery , Daniel Rueckert , Paul Hager , Robbie Holland

The synthesis of spatiotemporally coherent 4D content presents fundamental challenges in computer vision, requiring simultaneous modeling of high-fidelity spatial representations and physically plausible temporal dynamics. Current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xiaoyan Liu , Kangrui Li , Yuehao Song , Jiaxin Liu

Predicting future clinical events from longitudinal electronic health records (EHRs) requires selecting plausible outcomes from a large and structured event space under sparse observations. While clinical coding systems provide hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zhan Qu , Michael Färber

Longitudinal brain analysis is essential for understanding healthy aging and identifying pathological deviations. Longitudinal registration of sequential brain MRI underpins such analyses. However, existing methods are limited by reliance…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Bailiang Jian , Jiazhen Pan , Yitong Li , Fabian Bongratz , Ruochen Li , Daniel Rueckert , Benedikt Wiestler , Christian Wachinger

We introduce Continual 3D Convolutional Neural Networks (Co3D CNNs), a new computational formulation of spatio-temporal 3D CNNs, in which videos are processed frame-by-frame rather than by clip. In online tasks demanding frame-wise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Lukas Hedegaard , Alexandros Iosifidis

Pretrained time series models have enabled inference-only forecasting systems that produce accurate predictions without task-specific training. However, existing approaches largely focus on univariate forecasting, limiting their…

Three-dimensional (3D) medical image enhancement, including denoising and super-resolution, is critical for clinical diagnosis in CT, PET, and MRI. Although diffusion models have shown remarkable success in 2D medical imaging, scaling them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hongxu Jiang , Fei Li , Boxiao Yu , Ying Zhang , Kaleb Smith , Kuang Gong , Wei Shao

A systematic comparison of Chronos, a transformer-based time series forecasting framework, against traditional approaches including ARIMA and Prophet. We evaluate these models across multiple time horizons and user categories, with a focus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Matthew Baron , Alex Karpinski

Medical imaging plays a vital role in modern diagnostics; however, interpreting high-resolution radiological data remains time-consuming and susceptible to variability among clinicians. Traditional image processing techniques often lack the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Melika Filvantorkaman , Maral Filvan Torkaman