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Spoken language models (SLMs) have gained increasing attention with advancements in text-based, decoder-only language models. SLMs process text and speech, enabling simultaneous speech understanding and generation. This paper presents…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-01 Heng-Jui Chang , Hongyu Gong , Changhan Wang , James Glass , Yu-An Chung

Discrete audio representation, aka audio tokenization, has seen renewed interest driven by its potential to facilitate the application of text language modeling approaches in audio domain. To this end, various compression and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-21 Krishna C. Puvvada , Nithin Rao Koluguri , Kunal Dhawan , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Retrieval is a widely adopted approach for improving language models leveraging external information. As the field moves towards multi-modal large language models, it is important to extend the pure text based methods to incorporate other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jari Kolehmainen , Aditya Gourav , Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar , Yile Gu , Ankur Gandhe , Ariya Rastrow , Grant Strimel , Ivan Bulyko

Direct speech translation (ST) has garnered increasing attention nowadays, yet the accurate translation of terminology within utterances remains a great challenge. In this regard, current studies mainly concentrate on leveraging various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Suhang Wu , Jialong Tang , Chengyi Yang , Pei Zhang , Baosong Yang , Junhui Li , Junfeng Yao , Min Zhang , Jinsong Su

Punctuation is critical in understanding natural language text. Currently, most automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems do not generate punctuation, which affects the performance of downstream tasks, such as intent detection and slot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Qiushi Huang , Tom Ko , H Lilian Tang , Xubo Liu , Bo Wu

The popularity of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems nowadays leads to an increasing need for improving their accessibility. Handling stuttering speech is an important feature for accessible ASR systems. To improve the accessibility…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Yi Liu , Yuekang Li , Gelei Deng , Felix Juefei-Xu , Yao Du , Cen Zhang , Chengwei Liu , Yeting Li , Lei Ma , Yang Liu

Benefiting from the development of deep learning, text-to-speech (TTS) techniques using clean speech have achieved significant performance improvements. The data collected from real scenes often contains noise and generally needs to be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Qiushi Zhu , Yu Gu , Rilin Chen , Chao Weng , Yuchen Hu , Lirong Dai , Jie Zhang

Spoken language identification (LID) technologies have improved in recent years from discriminating largely distinct languages to discriminating highly similar languages or even dialects of the same language. One aspect that has been mostly…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-30 Andrew Titus , Jan Silovsky , Nanxin Chen , Roger Hsiao , Mary Young , Arnab Ghoshal

Automated detection of voice disorders with computational methods is a recent research area in the medical domain since it requires a rigorous endoscopy for the accurate diagnosis. Efficient screening methods are required for the diagnosis…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-12-06 Vibhuti Gupta

Streaming recognition and segmentation of multi-party conversations with overlapping speech is crucial for the next generation of voice assistant applications. In this work we address its challenges discovered in the previous work on…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-12 Ilya Sklyar , Anna Piunova , Christian Osendorfer

We introduce DiffuseST, a low-latency, direct speech-to-speech translation system capable of preserving the input speaker's voice zero-shot while translating from multiple source languages into English. We experiment with the synthesizer…

When translating words referring to the speaker, speech translation (ST) systems should not resort to default masculine generics nor rely on potentially misleading vocal traits. Rather, they should assign gender according to the speakers'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Dennis Fucci , Marco Gaido , Sara Papi , Mauro Cettolo , Matteo Negri , Luisa Bentivogli

Texts obtained from web are noisy and do not necessarily follow the orthographic sentence and word boundary rules. Thus, sentence segmentation and word tokenization systems that have been developed on well-formed texts might not perform so…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Kairit Sirts , Kairit Peekman

Recent studies show that in supervised fine-tuning (SFT) of large language models (LLMs), data quality matters more than quantity. While most data cleaning methods concentrate on filtering entire samples, the quality of individual tokens…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Jinlong Pang , Na Di , Zhaowei Zhu , Jiaheng Wei , Hao Cheng , Chen Qian , Yang Liu

The purpose of speech tokenization is to transform a speech signal into a sequence of discrete representations, serving as the foundation for speech language models (SLMs). While speech tokenization has many options, their effect on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shunsuke Kando , Yusuke Miyao , Shinnosuke Takamichi

The paper presents an overview of the Spoken Language Translator (SLT) system's hybrid language-processing architecture, focussing on the way in which rule-based and statistical methods are combined to achieve robust and efficient…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Manny Rayner , David Carter

The challenges facing speech recognition systems, such as variations in pronunciations, adverse audio conditions, and the scarcity of labeled data, emphasize the necessity for a post-processing step that corrects recurring errors. Previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Tomer Wullach , Shlomo E. Chazan

Dense retrieval is a basic building block of information retrieval applications. One of the main challenges of dense retrieval in real-world settings is the handling of queries containing misspelled words. A popular approach for handling…

Detecting spoofed utterances is a fundamental problem in voice-based biometrics. Spoofing can be performed either by logical accesses like speech synthesis, voice conversion or by physical accesses such as replaying the pre-recorded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Mari Ganesh Kumar , Suvidha Rupesh Kumar , Saranya M , B. Bharathi , Hema A. Murthy

While model architecture and training objectives are well-studied, tokenization, particularly in multilingual contexts, remains a relatively neglected aspect of Large Language Model (LLM) development. Existing tokenizers often exhibit high…