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There has been a growing interest in causal learning in recent years. Commonly used representations of causal structures, including Bayesian networks and structural equation models (SEM), take the form of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Pavel Rytir , Ales Wodecki , Jakub Marecek

Acyclic model, often depicted as a directed acyclic graph (DAG), has been widely employed to represent directional causal relations among collected nodes. In this article, we propose an efficient method to learn linear non-Gaussian DAG in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-02 Ruixuan Zhao , Xin He , Junhui Wang

We consider the challenge of black-box optimization within hybrid discrete-continuous and variable-length spaces, a problem that arises in various applications, such as decision tree learning and symbolic regression. We propose DisCo-DSO…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jacob F. Pettit , Chak Shing Lee , Jiachen Yang , Alex Ho , Daniel Faissol , Brenden Petersen , Mikel Landajuela

Modern deep learning systems require huge data sets to achieve impressive performance, but there is little guidance on how much or what kind of data to collect. Over-collecting data incurs unnecessary present costs, while under-collecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Rafid Mahmood , James Lucas , Jose M. Alvarez , Sanja Fidler , Marc T. Law

Iterative optimization is central to modern artificial intelligence (AI) and provides a crucial framework for understanding adaptive systems. This review provides a unified perspective on this subject, bridging classic theory with neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jesús García Fernández , Nasir Ahmad , Marcel van Gerven

This paper proposes a novel, algorithm-independent approach to optimizing belief network inference. rather than designing optimizations on an algorithm by algorithm basis, we argue that one should use an unoptimized algorithm to generate a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Adnan Darwiche , Gregory M. Provan

We propose a method to identify nonlinear acyclic networks in continuous time when the dynamics are located on the edges and all the nodes are excited. We show that it is necessary and sufficient to measure all the sinks to identify any…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Ramachandran Anantharaman , Renato Vizuete , Julien M. Hendrickx , Alexandre Mauroy

We study networked binary classification on a directed acyclic graph (DAG) where each agent observes only a subset of the feature columns of a shared dataset. Agents act sequentially along the DAG: each receives prediction columns from its…

Bayesian networks are probabilistic graphical models widely employed to understand dependencies in high dimensional data, and even to facilitate causal discovery. Learning the underlying network structure, which is encoded as a directed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-03 Jack Kuipers , Polina Suter , Giusi Moffa

We develop a framework for learning sparse nonparametric directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from data. Our approach is based on a recent algebraic characterization of DAGs that led to a fully continuous program for score-based learning of DAG…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-25 Xun Zheng , Chen Dan , Bryon Aragam , Pradeep Ravikumar , Eric P. Xing

In this paper, we propose a score-based normalizing flow method called DAG-NF to learn dependencies of input observation data. Inspired by Grad-CAM in computer vision, we use jacobian matrix of output on input as causal relationships and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Xiongren Chen

Directed acyclic graph (DAG) models are widely used to represent causal relationships among random variables in many application domains. This paper studies a special class of non-Gaussian DAG models, where the conditional variance of each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-03 Wei Zhou , Xin He , Wei Zhong , Junhui Wang

Optimizing complex systems, from discovering therapeutic drugs to designing high-performance materials, remains a fundamental challenge across science and engineering, as the underlying rules are often unknown and costly to evaluate.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Tailin Zhou , Zhilin Chen , Wenlong Lyu , Zhitang Chen , Danny H. K. Tsang , Jun Zhang

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is widely used to automatically obtain the neural network with the best performance among a large number of candidate architectures. To reduce the search time, zero-shot NAS aims at designing training-free…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Guihong Li , Yuedong Yang , Kartikeya Bhardwaj , Radu Marculescu

We revisit the long-standing problem of learning from a small sample, to which end we propose a novel method called GLICO (Generative Latent Implicit Conditional Optimization). GLICO learns a mapping from the training examples to a latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Idan Azuri , Daphna Weinshall

This paper considers a distributed reinforcement learning problem for decentralized linear quadratic control with partial state observations and local costs. We propose a Zero-Order Distributed Policy Optimization algorithm (ZODPO) that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-26 Yingying Li , Yujie Tang , Runyu Zhang , Na Li

Zero-shot object counting (ZSOC) aims to enumerate objects of arbitrary categories specified by text descriptions without requiring visual exemplars. However, existing methods often treat counting as a coarse retrieval task, suffering from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Da Zhang , Bingyu Li , Feiyu Wang , Zhiyuan Zhao , Junyu Gao

Distillation-based learning boosts the performance of the miniaturized neural network based on the hypothesis that the representation of a teacher model can be used as structured and relatively weak supervision, and thus would be easily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Xiao Jin , Baoyun Peng , Yichao Wu , Yu Liu , Jiaheng Liu , Ding Liang , Junjie Yan , Xiaolin Hu

We develop a novel convolutional architecture tailored for learning from data defined over directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). DAGs can be used to model causal relationships among variables, but their nilpotent adjacency matrices pose unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Samuel Rey , Hamed Ajorlou , Gonzalo Mateos

Learning to Optimize (L2O) enhances optimization efficiency with integrated neural networks. L2O paradigms achieve great outcomes, e.g., refitting optimizer, generating unseen solutions iteratively or directly. However, conventional L2O…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Mingjia Shi , Ruihan Lin , Xuxi Chen , Yuhao Zhou , Zezhen Ding , Pingzhi Li , Tong Wang , Kai Wang , Zhangyang Wang , Jiheng Zhang , Tianlong Chen