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Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) in real-world dynamic environments raises the challenge of updating their pre-trained knowledge. While existing knowledge editing methods can reliably patch isolated facts, they frequently suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Tianyi Zhao , Yinhan He , Wendy Zheng , Chen Chen

Knowledge editing (KE) enables precise modifications to factual content in large language models (LLMs). Existing KE methods are largely designed for dense architectures, limiting their applicability to the increasingly prevalent sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yupu Gu , Rongzhe Wei , Andy Zhu , Pan Li

The imperative task of revising or updating the knowledge stored within large language models arises from two distinct sources: intrinsic errors inherent in the model which should be corrected and outdated knowledge due to external shifts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Xunjian Yin , Jin Jiang , Liming Yang , Xiaojun Wan

Lifelong knowledge editing enables continuous, precise updates to outdated knowledge in large language models (LLMs) without computationally expensive full retraining. However, existing methods often accumulate errors throughout the editing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jinzhe Liu , Junshu Sun , Shufan Shen , Chenxue Yang , Shuhui Wang

Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) store extensive knowledge within their weights, enabling them to recall vast amount of information. However, relying on this parametric knowledge brings some limitations such as outdated information or gaps…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Alessio Galatolo , Meriem Beloucif , Katie Winkle

Large Language Models (LLMs) require continuous updates to maintain accurate and current knowledge as the world evolves. While existing knowledge editing approaches offer various solutions for knowledge updating, they often struggle with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zichuan Fu , Xian Wu , Guojing Li , Yingying Zhang , Yefeng Zheng , Tianshi Ming , Yejing Wang , Wanyu Wang , Xiangyu Zhao

Previous studies have shown that large language models (LLMs) like GPTs store massive factual knowledge in their parameters. However, the stored knowledge could be false or out-dated. Traditional knowledge editing methods refine LLMs via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Ce Zheng , Lei Li , Qingxiu Dong , Yuxuan Fan , Zhiyong Wu , Jingjing Xu , Baobao Chang

Knowledge editing aims to efficiently update Large Language Models (LLMs) by modifying specific knowledge without retraining the entire model. Among knowledge editing approaches, in-context editing (ICE) offers a lightweight solution by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Changyue Wang , Weihang Su , Qingyao Ai , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu

Knowledge editing is a rising technique for efficiently updating factual knowledge in large language models (LLMs) with minimal alteration of parameters. However, recent studies have identified side effects, such as knowledge distortion and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Cheng-Hsun Hsueh , Paul Kuo-Ming Huang , Tzu-Han Lin , Che-Wei Liao , Hung-Chieh Fang , Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

Knowledge Editing (KE) for modifying factual knowledge in Large Language Models (LLMs) has been receiving increasing attention. However, existing knowledge editing methods are entity-centric, and it is unclear whether this approach is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Yifan Wei , Xiaoyan Yu , Huanhuan Ma , Fangyu Lei , Yixuan Weng , Ran Song , Kang Liu

Knowledge editing aims to update the embedded knowledge within Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing approaches, whether through parameter modification or external memory integration, often suffer from inconsistent evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Guoxiu He , Xin Song , Futing Wang , Aixin Sun

Model editing aims to enhance the accuracy and reliability of large language models (LLMs) by efficiently adjusting their internal parameters. Currently, most LLM editing datasets are confined to narrow knowledge domains and cover a limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Qizhou Chen , Dakan Wang , Taolin Zhang , Zaoming Yan , Chengsong You , Chengyu Wang , Xiaofeng He

Recently, there has been a growing interest in knowledge editing for Large Language Models (LLMs). Current approaches and evaluations merely explore the instance-level editing, while whether LLMs possess the capability to modify concepts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xiaohan Wang , Shengyu Mao , Ningyu Zhang , Shumin Deng , Yunzhi Yao , Yue Shen , Lei Liang , Jinjie Gu , Huajun Chen

Adversarial attacks on knowledge graph embeddings (KGE) aim to disrupt the model's ability of link prediction by removing or inserting triples. A recent black-box method has attempted to incorporate textual and structural information to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Ting Li , Yang Yang , Yipeng Yu , Liang Yao , Guoqing Chao , Ruifeng Xu

Inference capabilities of machine learning (ML) systems skyrocketed in recent years, now playing a pivotal role in various aspect of society. The goal in statistical learning is to use data to obtain simple algorithms for predicting a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Ziv Goldfeld , Yury Polyanskiy

In a rapidly evolving world where information updates swiftly, knowledge in large language models (LLMs) becomes outdated quickly. Retraining LLMs is not a cost-effective option, making knowledge editing (KE) without modifying parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Yi Liu , Xiangrong Zhu , Xiangyu Liu , Wei Wei , Wei Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) internalize vast world knowledge as parametric memory, yet inevitably inherit the staleness and errors of their source corpora. Consequently, ensuring the reliability and malleability of these internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Xiaojie Gu , Ziying Huang , Weicong Hong , Jian Xie , Renze Lou , Kai Zhang

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have recently shown great success in text representation field. However, the high computational cost and high-dimensional representation of PLMs pose significant challenges for practical applications. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Yanzhao Zhang , Dingkun Long , Zehan Li , Pengjun Xie

Large Language Models~(LLMs) struggle with providing current information due to the outdated pre-training data. Existing methods for updating LLMs, such as knowledge editing and continual fine-tuning, have significant drawbacks in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Pengfei Yu , Heng Ji

We introduce Concept Bottleneck Large Language Models (CB-LLMs), a novel framework for building inherently interpretable Large Language Models (LLMs). In contrast to traditional black-box LLMs that rely on limited post-hoc interpretations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Chung-En Sun , Tuomas Oikarinen , Berk Ustun , Tsui-Wei Weng